{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T03:17:01Z","timestamp":1783480621317,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) accounts for approximately 5\u201315% of all myocardial infarctions and disproportionately affects women. Once treated as a diagnosis of exclusion, MINOCA is now recognised as a heterogeneous, mechanism-based syndrome encompassing atherosclerotic plaque disruption, epicardial and microvascular vasospasm, microvascular dysfunction, coronary thromboembolism, and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). Despite the absence of obstructive disease, it carries substantial morbidity and mortality, underscoring the need for accurate aetiological characterisation and tailored therapy. Our aim is to review the contemporary evidence of the role of advanced imaging modalities\u2014cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), optical coherence tomography (OCT), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and invasive functional testing\u2014in the diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and therapeutic guidance of patients with MINOCA. CMR is the non-invasive reference standard for differentiating true ischaemic MINOCA from non-ischaemic mimics such as myocarditis and Takotsubo syndrome, reclassifying the working diagnosis in up to two-thirds of cases. OCT and IVUS provide intracoronary characterisation of culprit substrates that are invisible via angiography, particularly plaque rupture, erosion, intramural haematoma and SCAD, while acetylcholine and adenosine testing identify endothelium-dependent vasospasm and endothelium-independent microvascular dysfunction respectively. Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) could also play an additional role in the diagnosis of epicardial CAD. Each modality additionally carries independent prognostic value, with abnormal findings consistently linked to higher rates of major adverse cardiovascular events. The recently completed PROMISE trial provided the first randomised evidence that stratified, imaging-guided treatment might have some positive impact on angina status and quality of life compared with empirical standard care. In conclusion, advanced imaging has transformed MINOCA from a diagnosis of exclusion into a mechanism-based syndrome amenable to personalised therapy. Broader integration of these modalities into routine practice, supported by further randomised trials, is needed to optimise outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62071243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:54:42Z","timestamp":1782694482000},"page":"1243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diagnostic Advancements in MINOCA: Do They Translate to a Better Clinical Outcome? A Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8215-427X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Bozika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2616-7952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios","family":"Apostolos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, London UB9 6JH, UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3320-408X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kassiani-Maria","family":"Nastouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0430-3197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Boliaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3332-803X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athanasios","family":"Sakalidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, London UB9 6JH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0995-7015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Ktenopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Cardiology, Medical School, General Hospital of Athens Hippocration, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3561-5713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paschalis","family":"Karakasis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4374-0389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Skalidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, HFR\u2014Fribourg Cantonal Hospital and University, 1708 Fribourg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Konstantinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Cardiology, Medical School, General Hospital of Athens Hippocration, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5915-0420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Mantzouranis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London Health Science Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6992-2906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Leontsinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Cardiology, Medical School, General Hospital of Athens Hippocration, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2779-0765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grigorios","family":"Tsigkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyriakos","family":"Dimitriadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Cardiology, Medical School, General Hospital of Athens Hippocration, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7636-6725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Tsioufis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Cardiology, Medical School, General Hospital of Athens Hippocration, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Panoulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, London UB9 6JH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahjo.2023.100312","article-title":"MINOCA: Myocardial infarction no obstructive coronary artery disease","volume":"33","author":"Bakhshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. Heart J. Plus Cardiol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"891","article-title":"Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Myocardial Infarction in the Absence of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"139","author":"Jneid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"oeac058","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeac058","article-title":"Coronary morphological features in women with non-ST-segment elevation MINOCA and MI-CAD as assessed by optical coherence tomography","volume":"2","author":"Usui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Open"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.026542","article-title":"Mechanisms of myocardial infarction in women without angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease","volume":"124","author":"Reynolds","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borzillo, I., De Filippo, O., Manai, R., Bruno, F., Ravetti, E., Galanti, A.A., Vergallo, R., Porto, I., De Ferrari, G.M., and D\u2019ascenzo, F. (2023). Role of Intracoronary Imaging in Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Disease (MINOCA): A Review. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062129"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2022.10.023","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of MINOCA Caused by Atherosclerotic and Nonatherosclerotic Mechanisms Assessed by OCT","volume":"16","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.15420\/icr.2021.10","article-title":"What an Interventionalist Needs to Know About MI with Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries","volume":"16","author":"Sykes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Interv. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0000000000001808","article-title":"Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries-the European PERspective (SNIPER) survey","volume":"26","author":"Morrone","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"202","article-title":"Lesion characteristics and prognosis of acute coronary syndrome without angiographically significant coronary artery stenosis","volume":"21","author":"Taruya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e037264","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae666.1529","article-title":"Angina pectoris prevalence and sick leave burden one year after MINOCA","volume":"45","author":"Welen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.26599\/1671-5411.2024.12.007","article-title":"Role of optical coherence tomography in clinical management of myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries","volume":"21","author":"Tani","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052008","article-title":"Coronary Optical Coherence Tomography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Determine Underlying Causes of Myocardial Infarction with Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries in Women","volume":"143","author":"Reynolds","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sagris, M., Apostolos, A., Theofilis, P., Ktenopoulos, N., Katsaros, O., Tsalamandris, S., Tsioufis, K., Toutouzas, K., and Tousoulis, D. (2024). Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Unraveling Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Emerging Prevention Strategies. Biomedicines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12040802"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"70","article-title":"Coronary artery thromboembolism as a cause of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA)","volume":"79","author":"Ceasovschih","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hell. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mangiacapra, F., Viscusi, M.M., Paolucci, L., Nusca, A., Melfi, R., Ussia, G.P., and Grigioni, F. (2021). The Pivotal Role of Invasive Functional Assessment in Patients with Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA). Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.781485"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.10.016","article-title":"Detection of myocardial scar by contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with troponin-positive chest pain and minimal angiographic coronary artery disease","volume":"97","author":"Christiansen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e014454","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.122.014454","article-title":"Prognostic Value of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with a Working Diagnosis of MINOCA-An Outcome Study With up to 10 Years of Follow-Up","volume":"16","author":"Konst","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.19.1992","article-title":"Relationship of MRI delayed contrast enhancement to irreversible injury, infarct age, and contractile function","volume":"100","author":"Kim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2022.12.029","article-title":"Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in MINOCA: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Mileva","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43321","DOI":"10.31083\/RCM43321","article-title":"Optical Coherence Tomography in Acute Coronary Syndromes","volume":"26","author":"Synetos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rev. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Apostolos, A., Karanasos, A., Ktenopoulos, N., Tsalamandris, S., Vlachakis, P.K., Kachrimanidis, I., Skalidis, I., Sagris, M., Koliastasis, L., and Drakopoulou, M. (2024). Unlocking the Secrets of Acute Coronary Syndromes Using Intravascular Imaging: From Pathophysiology to Improving Outcomes. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237087"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.05.045","article-title":"OCT and CMR for the Diagnosis of Patients Presenting With MINOCA and Suspected Epicardial Causes","volume":"13","author":"Gerbaud","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koros, R., Karanasos, A., Papafaklis, M.I., Xygka, G., Vasilagkos, G., Apostolos, A., Kallinikos, F., Papageorgiou, M., Tampaki, N.-M., and Fotopoulou, C.-M. (2025). Latest Evidence on Intravascular Imaging: A Literature Review. J. Clin. Med., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14134714"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e666","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-21-00971","article-title":"Safety and prognostic relevance of acetylcholine testing in patients with stable myocardial ischaemia or myocardial infarction and non-obstructive coronary arteries","volume":"18","author":"Montone","year":"2022","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.03.545","article-title":"Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: Assessment of Both Structure and Function","volume":"72","author":"Ford","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2001.114198","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction is highly prevalent in women with chest pain in the absence of coronary artery disease: Results from the NHLBI WISE study","volume":"141","author":"Reis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"319","article-title":"When Functional Assessment Meets Intravascular Imaging in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease","volume":"12","author":"Tsigkas","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.068","article-title":"Computed tomographic angiography characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques subsequently resulting in acute coronary syndrome","volume":"54","author":"Motoyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jead060","article-title":"Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: The emerging role of coronary computed tomography","volume":"24","author":"Pergola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31114-0","article-title":"Non-invasive detection of coronary inflammation using computed tomography and prediction of residual cardiovascular risk (the CRISP CT study): A post-hoc analysis of prospective outcome data","volume":"392","author":"Oikonomou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2022.08.024","article-title":"Impact of Nonobstructive Left Main Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis on Long-Term Mortality","volume":"15","author":"Noguchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Interv."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011201","article-title":"Systematic review of patients presenting with suspected myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries","volume":"131","author":"Pasupathy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e011990","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.011990","article-title":"Prognosis and Predictors of Mortality in Patients Suffering Myocardial Infarction With Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries","volume":"8","author":"Choo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx491","article-title":"Long-term survival and causes of death in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome without obstructive coronary artery disease","volume":"39","author":"Andersson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026336","article-title":"Medical Therapy for Secondary Prevention and Long-Term Outcome in Patients With Myocardial Infarction with Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease","volume":"135","author":"Lindahl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2012.12.007","article-title":"OCT-based diagnosis and management of STEMI associated with intact fibrous cap","volume":"6","author":"Prati","year":"2013","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e005860","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.117.005860","article-title":"EROSION Study (Effective Anti-Thrombotic Therapy Without Stenting: Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Management in Plaque Erosion): A 1-Year Follow-Up Report","volume":"10","author":"Xing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Interv."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-21-00426","article-title":"Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery disease","volume":"17","author":"Lindahl","year":"2021","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-025-02191-1","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Without Obstructive Epicardial Stenosis","volume":"27","author":"Ziada","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.906214","article-title":"Utilization of secondary prevention therapies in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease identified during cardiac catheterization: Insights from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Cath-PCI Registry","volume":"3","author":"Maddox","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mantzouranis, E., Leontsinis, I., Vlachakis, P.K., Mihas, C., Iliakis, P., Dri, E., Sakalidis, A., Soulaidopoulos, S., Fragoulis, C., and Milkas, A. (2025). Antiplatelet Treatment Strategy in MINOCA Patients: Predictors of Decision Making in Clinical Practice and Prognostic Implications. J. Clin. Med., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14113984"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-23-00448","article-title":"Coronary spasm and vasomotor dysfunction as a cause of MINOCA","volume":"20","author":"Yaker","year":"2024","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf917","article-title":"Stratified treatment of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries: The PROMISE trial","volume":"47","author":"Montone","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben Khalifa, A., Mili, M., Maatouk, M., Ben Abdallah, A., Abdellali, M., Gaied, S., Ben Ali, A., Lahouel, Y., Bedoui, M.H., and Zrig, A. (2025). Deep Transfer Learning for Classification of Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiac MRI Images into Myocardial Infarction, Myocarditis, and Healthy Classes: Comparison with Subjective Visual Evaluation. Diagnostics, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15020207"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14067","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-18473-5","article-title":"Automated diagnosis of optical coherence tomography imaging on plaque vulnerability and its relation to clinical outcomes in coronary artery disease","volume":"12","author":"Niioka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/7\/1243\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T01:51:41Z","timestamp":1782697901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/7\/1243"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina62071243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina62071243","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]}}}