{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:31:30Z","timestamp":1792096290476,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common form of oral cancer, accounting for over 90% of malignancies in the oral cavity. Its pathogenesis is driven by a complex interplay of genetic alterations, transcriptomic dysregulation, epigenetic modifications, environmental exposures, and tumor microenvironment dynamics. Despite advances in therapy, OSCC remains associated with poor survival due to late diagnosis, therapeutic resistance, and tumor heterogeneity. This narrative review explores genetic determinants and molecular mechanisms underlying OSCC, focusing on recurrent mutations, deregulated pathways, epigenetic control, gene expression changes, insights from cell models, and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. We integrate findings from the recent literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and emerging trends in OSCC genetics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62071247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:54:42Z","timestamp":1782694482000},"page":"1247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4979-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u01cet\u01celina","family":"Ionescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Ia\u0219i, 700505 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cIoan Haulica\u201d Institute, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ecaterina Tomaziu-Todosia","family":"Anton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology Cuza Voda, Cuza Voda Street, No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0256-8911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viorica","family":"Rarinca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Ia\u0219i, 700505 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cIoan Haulica\u201d Institute, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Ia\u0219i, Carol I Avenue, No 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malina","family":"Visternicu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Ia\u0219i, 700505 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cIoan Haulica\u201d Institute, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alin","family":"Ciob\u00eec\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cIoan Haulica\u201d Institute, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Ia\u0219i, 700505 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cOlga Necrasov\u201d Center, Department of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, 700506 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050566 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4501-1718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogdan","family":"Novac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. 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