{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T02:02:07Z","timestamp":1784512927090,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Obesity is a major global public health problem associated with numerous complications. Likewise, the use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents has increased with population aging and the growing burden of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of obesity and antiplatelet\/anticoagulant therapy on the clinical presentation, bleeding severity, and short-term clinical outcomes of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in consecutive patients admitted with upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding to a tertiary referral center between January 2024 and January 2025. Patients were categorized according to body mass index (BMI) and antithrombotic therapy status. Clinical characteristics, bleeding severity scores, treatment requirements, and short-term clinical outcomes were compared. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent associations. Results: A total of 177 patients were included. Obese and overweight patients were significantly older than normal-weight patients (p = 0.001), whereas no significant differences were observed among BMI groups regarding the Glasgow\u2013Blatchford score, pre-endoscopic Rockall score, transfusion requirements, endoscopic intervention, or short-term clinical outcomes. Patients receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy had significantly higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, bleeding severity scores, and packed red blood cell transfusion requirements than those receiving no antithrombotic therapy (all p &lt; 0.01). However, after multivariable adjustment, these associations did not remain independent, and advanced age remained the only independent factor common to both treatment groups. Conclusions: Obesity was not independently associated with bleeding severity or short-term clinical outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Although antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy were associated with more severe bleeding-related clinical findings, these associations were not independent after multivariable adjustment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62071390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:47:32Z","timestamp":1784508452000},"page":"1390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of BMI and Anticoagulant\/Antiplatelet Therapy on the Severity of Gastrointestinal Bleeding"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3667-5832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melik\u015fah","family":"Y\u00fcksel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Eskisehir City Hospital, 26080 Eskisehir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1006-9429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Altu\u011f","family":"\u015eenol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3541-7829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammet Cem","family":"Ko\u00e7kar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9048-5096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr","family":"Sirkeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Isparta City Hospital, 32200 Isparta, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6018-5453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naci","family":"\u00c7il","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Burdur State Hospital, 15030 Burdur, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1616087","article-title":"Hospitalisation for upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with use of oral anticoagulants","volume":"86","author":"Johnsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thromb. 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