{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T11:06:18Z","timestamp":1785323178034,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) are clinically relevant components of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but real-world data from Latin American referral settings remain limited. This study aimed to estimate the frequency and pattern of documented EIMs and identify associated factors in a Peruvian tertiary-care cohort. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analytical study at the Gastroenterology Service of Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru. Adults with confirmed IBD attended between April 2020 and February 2025 were included (n = 162). EIMs were defined as documented articular, dermatologic, or ocular involvement. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs and aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression. Results: The mean age was 50.6 \u00b1 18.3 years, 54.9% were female, and 71.0% had ulcerative colitis. Overall, 16.7% of patients had at least one documented predefined EIM. Articular involvement was the most frequent manifestation (11.7%), whereas dermatologic and ocular manifestations each accounted for 2.5%. In the exploratory adjusted model, the harmonized Montreal category 3 retained a statistically significant association with documented EIMs (aOR 3.12, 95% CI 1.19\u20138.18; p = 0.021). Conclusions: In this Peruvian tertiary IBD cohort, documented EIMs affected a meaningful minority of patients and were predominantly articular. The harmonized Montreal category 3 was associated with documented EIMs and may help flag patients for more targeted systemic and multidisciplinary assessment, although this exploratory finding requires external validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62081471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:13:47Z","timestamp":1785320027000},"page":"1471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Observational Study in a Peruvian Tertiary Hospital"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3185-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Arce-Huamani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research for Evidence, Care, and Public Health, Programa Academico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro N.","family":"Sicos-Hancari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research for Evidence, Care, and Public Health, Programa Academico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria D.","family":"Vallejo-Jaime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research for Evidence, Care, and Public Health, Programa Academico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayde M.","family":"Quispe-Oncebay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research for Evidence, Care, and Public Health, Programa Academico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"C\u00e1rdenas-Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Abad-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Cervera-Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3017-0169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ofelia","family":"Castillo-Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-024-04711-x","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, 1990\u20132021: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease 2021","volume":"39","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Color. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08940-0","article-title":"Global Evolution of Inflammatory Bowel Disease across Epidemiologic Stages","volume":"642","author":"Hracs","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(23)00284-4","article-title":"Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Latin America","volume":"9","author":"Balderramo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17562848231167953","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848231167953","article-title":"IBD Barriers across the Continents: A Continent-Specific Analysis: Latin America","volume":"16","author":"Queiroz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17562848231207312","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848231207312","article-title":"Latin America Consensus Statement Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Importance of Timely Access to Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"16","author":"Steinwurz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faggiani, I., Fanizza, J., D\u2019Amico, F., Allocca, M., Zilli, A., Parigi, T.L., Barchi, A., Danese, S., and Furfaro, F. (2024). Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment. Biomedicines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12081839"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjad108","article-title":"ECCO Guidelines on Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"18","author":"Gordon","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad061","article-title":"Prevalence of Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"30","author":"Kilic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00607","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000607","article-title":"Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Extraintestinal Manifestations and Their Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The EXTRA-Intestinal Manifestation Prospective Study from the Groupe d\u2019Etude Th\u00e9rapeutique des Affections Inflammatoires Du Tube Digestif","volume":"14","author":"Guillo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.02.026","article-title":"Comprehensive Association Analyses of Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"167","author":"Khrom","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.07.042","article-title":"Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Concepts, Treatment, and Implications for Disease Management","volume":"161","author":"Rogler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2892","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000001543","article-title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Extra-Intestinal Manifestation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) Countries","volume":"86","author":"Vahedi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J.-X., Chiang, C.-C., Chen, S.-N., Lin, J.-M., and Tsai, Y.-Y. (2022). The Prevalence of Ocular Extra-Intestinal Manifestations in Adults Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192315683"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.032","article-title":"Prevalence of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"161","author":"Barberio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"1814","article-title":"Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Liver Int. Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Liver"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjae002","article-title":"Beyond the Gut: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Advanced Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Extraintestinal Manifestations","volume":"18","author":"Budai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Jeldres, T., Reyes-P\u00e9rez, P., Gonzalez-Hormazabal, P., Avendano, C., Segovia Melero, R., Azocar, L., Silva, V., De La Vega, A., Arriagada, E., and Hernandez, E. (2025). Prediction of Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Clinical and Genetic Variables with Machine Learning in a Latin IBD Group. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125741"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.47892\/rgp.2023.431.1444","article-title":"Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal en el adulto mayor: Caracter\u00edsticas cl\u00ednicas y manejo en un hospital de referencia","volume":"43","author":"Junes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Gastroenterol. Per\u00fa"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld-3818","article-title":"Risk Factors for Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases\u2014Data from the Romanian National Registry","volume":"30","author":"Singeap","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Liver Dis. JGLD"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa359","article-title":"Ocular Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"27","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/8\/1471\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:47:17Z","timestamp":1785322037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/62\/8\/1471"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina62081471"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina62081471","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]}}}