{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:28:02Z","timestamp":1787052482463,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of superior laryngeal nerve block (SLB) in the management of chronic cough associated with refractory laryngeal hypersensitivity. Materials and Methods: Studies assessing Cough Severity Index (CSI) changes before and after SLB or comparing SLB with sham interventions were included. Pooled analyses evaluated CSI reduction, subjective improvement, and adverse events. Results: Twelve studies involving 759 patients were analyzed. SLB significantly reduced CSI, and the improvement was maintained within the available follow-up period, with no difference between short-term (&lt;100 days) and long-term (&gt;100 days) follow-up (p = 0.5145). Most protocols used initial unilateral SLB with contralateral injection for non-responders, resulting in more than two blocks per patient on average. Subjective improvement occurred in 74%, with \u226550% CSI reduction in 55% and satisfactory response after a single block in 17%. No serious treatment-related adverse events were reported, although the available evidence was insufficient to exclude rare or delayed complications. Conclusions: SLB was associated with improvement in refractory chronic cough in predominantly uncontrolled observational studies. Although one small placebo-controlled trial suggested benefit over saline injection, the current evidence remains insufficient to establish definitive efficacy, and adequately powered placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and durability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62081583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T10:22:52Z","timestamp":1787048572000},"page":"1583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Symptom Control Effectiveness of Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block in Patients with Chronic Cough: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9248-5572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Do Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Bin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4200-7174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David W.","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27707, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2838-7820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Se Hwan","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00218714","article-title":"The global epidemiology of chronic cough in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. 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