{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:13:32Z","timestamp":1788966812647,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002614","name":"Chungbuk Regional Innovation System & Education Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026-RISE-11-004-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026-RISE-11-004-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002614","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: This trial examined whether two task-complexity gait training protocols differentially affect EEG spectral activity, cognitive\u2013motor interference, and gait performance in chronic stroke. Materials and Methods: Forty-four participants were randomly allocated to Progressive Task-Complexity Gait Training (PTCGT; n = 22) or Constant Task-Complexity Gait Training (CTCGT; n = 22). Both groups trained for 4 weeks using the same auditory-feedback walker. PTCGT progressed from obstacle avoidance to rhythmic auditory cueing plus obstacle avoidance, followed by a verbal fluency dual-task. CTCGT maintained rhythmic auditory cueing plus obstacle avoidance. Outcomes included EEG theta, SMR, mid-beta, Concentration Index, SEF-50, DTC%, and GAITRite gait parameters. Results: Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for EEG and gait measures. DTC showed a significant interaction in repeated-measures ANOVA (p = 0.041), but not in mixed-effects sensitivity analysis (p = 0.088). PTCGT showed greater pre\u2013post changes in EEG and gait outcomes, whereas the DTC difference was less robust. Conclusions: PTCGT was associated with greater changes in EEG spectral characteristics and gait performance than CTCGT. However, these differences cannot be attributed specifically to the progressive task-complexity protocol because PTCGT also involved additional cognitive-task exposure and greater task complexity. In addition, because cognitive-task performance was not quantitatively assessed, improvements in dual-task ability or cognitive\u2013motor integration cannot be established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62091738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:02:48Z","timestamp":1788962568000},"page":"1738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Two Different Multicomponent Cognitive\u2013Motor Training Protocols on EEG Spectral Activity, Cognitive\u2013Motor Interference, and Gait Performance in Individuals with Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8821-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin-Young","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong-gun 27909, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1995-2573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Si-A","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong-gun 27909, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, S., Francisco, G.E., and Zhou, P. 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