{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:43:49Z","timestamp":1789469029041,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Conjunctival hyperemia is common with netarsudil, but redness may not reflect the overall patient experience when treatment burden is reduced. We evaluated ocular surface symptoms, objective redness, tear-film parameters, intraocular pressure (IOP), and treatment preference after a routine-care switch from twice-daily fixed dorzolamide\/timolol to once-daily netarsudil 0.02%, while continuing latanoprost. Materials and Methods: This prospective, single-center observational cohort included 30 consecutive adults with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension and controlled IOP. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and months 1 and 2. The primary outcome was the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Continuous eye-level outcomes were analyzed using mixed-effects models accounting for fellow-eye and repeated-measures correlation; grade \u2265 2 hyperemia was analyzed using participant-clustered logistic regression. Results: Twenty-seven participants (54 eyes) completed evaluable 2-month follow-up. Median OSDI decreased from 7.50 at baseline to 6.25 at month 1 and 5.00 at month 2 (Friedman p = 0.0015). The mean baseline-to-month 2 change was \u22122.95 points (95% CI, \u22124.80 to \u22121.10), and 6\/27 participants (22.2%) improved by at least 7 points. Serle grade \u2265 2 hyperemia increased from 7.4% of eyes at baseline to 51.9% at month 1 and 44.4% at month 2. Estimated mean bulbar redness index increased from 1.57 to 2.14 (p &lt; 0.0001), tear meniscus height increased modestly, and non-invasive keratograph break-up time showed no significant longitudinal change. Estimated mean IOP changed from 14.50 to 13.65 mmHg (p = 0.0083), with no eye showing an increase of at least 4 mmHg. Burning improved after multiplicity adjustment, and 17\/27 participants with available month-2 preference data (63.0%) preferred netarsudil. Conclusions: The switch was associated with modest OSDI improvement and maintained short-term IOP control despite increased objective redness. Patient preference appeared to reflect factors beyond redness alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62091768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T08:16:48Z","timestamp":1789460208000},"page":"1768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ocular Surface Symptoms, Objective Redness, and Intraocular Pressure After a Switch from Fixed Dorzolamide\/Timolol to Netarsudil in Latanoprost-Treated Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: A Prospective Real-World Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7902-7246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Zanutigh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Service, Centro de Ojos Quilmes, Quilmes B1878KDF, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Celina","family":"Logioco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Service, Centro de Ojos Quilmes, Quilmes B1878KDF, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Galetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Service, Centro de Ojos Quilmes, Quilmes B1878KDF, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornea Service, Centro de Ojos Quilmes, Gran Buenos B1878KDF, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Noelia","family":"Podesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Service, Centro de Ojos Quilmes, Quilmes B1878KDF, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Florencia","family":"Valvecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Surface Service, Centro de Ojos Quilmes, Quilmes B1878KDF, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s12110-013-9168-x","article-title":"Red, yellow, and super-white sclera: Uniquely human cues for healthiness, attractiveness, and age","volume":"24","author":"Provine","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. 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