{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T12:10:41Z","timestamp":1789992641270,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasingly used beyond diabetes care, but whether participant-visible feedback changes behavior or psychosocial outcomes in adults without diabetes remains uncertain. We evaluated dietary behavior\/adherence, physical activity, psychosocial outcomes, and device burden. Materials and Methods: This PROSPERO-registered systematic review (CRD420261356163) searched seven bibliographic databases and two trial registries, followed by citation searching. Randomized and nonrandomized intervention studies and qualitative\/mixed-methods evidence were eligible. RoB 2, ROBINS-I, MMAT 2018, and GRADE were applied. Clinical and methodological heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Results: Searches yielded 6265 database\/registry records; 2627 unique records were screened. Citation searching added 431 new records and two eligible studies, giving 12 studies. Two randomized dietary comparisons suggested selected improvements; one 8-week trial comparing CGM plus low-glycemic-index\/load education with education alone reported between-group reductions in carbohydrate intake (\u221215.2 g; 95% CI \u221220.9 to \u22129.5), glycemic index (\u221210.0; 95% CI \u221213.1 to \u22126.9), and glycemic load (\u221219.9; 95% CI \u221229.0 to \u221210.7). Physical activity showed no clear difference (\u221228.5 MET-min\/week; 95% CI \u2212171.9 to 114.8). Psychosocial evidence was insufficient to establish benefit or exclude harm; device burden evidence was sparse. Certainty was low for dietary outcomes and very low for the other domains. Conclusions: Participant-visible CGM may support selected dietary changes as a biofeedback adjunct within structured education or lifestyle interventions, but large, durable benefits and stand-alone efficacy are not established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62091814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:25:43Z","timestamp":1789986343000},"page":"1814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Behavioral and Psychosocial Effects of Participant-Visible Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5226-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hima Bindu","family":"Makkena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Katuri Medical College & Hospital, Guntur 522019, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4058-9672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasaswini","family":"Nimmagadda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500055, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0316-0381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navya","family":"Boinapelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mamata Medical College, Khammam 507002, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anju","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur 680555, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagasravani","family":"Daruvuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1977-7975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramesh Raj","family":"Sunar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Al Hana Modern Medical Center, Dubai P.O. Box 24824, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8003-1733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srinayani","family":"Guda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968221110830","article-title":"Use of continuous glucose monitors by people without diabetes: An idea whose time has come?","volume":"17","author":"Klonoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holzer, R., Bloch, W., and Brinkmann, C. (2022). 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