{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:28:24Z","timestamp":1761060504095,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,27]],"date-time":"2018-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The aromatic plant Stachys mucronata (Lamiaceae) is endemic to the island of Crete (southern Greece), but as opposed to other native Greek members of this family, this species has never been investigated in the past with regard to its polyphenolic composition and antioxidant potency. Methods: Aerial parts of S. mucronata were exhaustively extracted and partly fractionated through partition, using n-butanol and dichloromethane. Results: Following an initial examination, which consisted of estimating the total polyphenol content and the antiradical activity, the n-butanol extract was found to be by far the richest in polyphenols, exhibiting much stronger antiradical activity compared with the dichloromethane counterpart. On this basis, the n-butanol extract was analysed by liquid chromatography-diode array-mass spectrometry, to tentatively characterise the principal polyphenolic components, which were shown to be flavonol but mainly flavone derivatives. Conclusions: The most potent radical-scavenging compounds were detected in the n-butanol fraction of the extracts, suggesting that the most active antioxidants in S. mucronate are relatively polar. The analyses suggested the major constituents to be derivatives of the flavone luteolin, accompanied by apigenin analogues, as well as flavonol glycosides and chlorogenate conjugates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines5010014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T07:46:20Z","timestamp":1517211980000},"page":"14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characterisation of Polyphenol-Containing Extracts from Stachys mucronata and Evaluation of Their Antiradical Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Spyros","family":"Grigorakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Quality &amp; Chemistry of Natural Products, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (M.A.I.Ch.), International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM), P.O. Box 85, 73100 Chania, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6033-1731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris","family":"Makris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute (T.E.I.) of Thessaly, N. Temponera Street, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-008-9092-6","article-title":"Needs for new plant-derived pharmaceuticals in the post-genome era: An industrial view in drug research and development","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phytochem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6020","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6126020","article-title":"Resources and biological activities of natural polyphenols","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7313","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15107313","article-title":"Plant phenolics: Extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties","volume":"15","author":"Dai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2014.896011","article-title":"Origanum species native to the island of Crete: In vitro antioxidant characteristics and liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry identification of major polyphenolic components","volume":"28","author":"Tair","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbp.2010.04.008","article-title":"A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species","volume":"89","author":"Krishnaiah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Bioprod. Process."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/10496475.2015.1007221","article-title":"Major antioxidant polyphenolic phytochemicals of three Salvia species endemic to the island of Crete","volume":"22","author":"Atwi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s40090-015-0034-z","article-title":"Optimisation of organic solvent-free polyphenol extraction from Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra using Box\u2013Behnken experimental design and kinetics","volume":"6","author":"Karakashov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Ind. Chem."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.07.051","article-title":"Storage of olives (Olea europaea) under CO2 atmosphere: Effect on anthocyanins, phenolics, sensory attributes and in vitro antioxidant properties","volume":"99","author":"Dourtoglou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimisation of polyphenol extraction from Hypericum perforatum (St. John\u2019s Wort) using aqueous glycerol and response surface methodology","volume":"2","author":"Karakashov","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2004.04.014","article-title":"Glycosides of tricetin methyl ethers as chemosystematic markers in Stachys subgenus Betonica","volume":"65","author":"Marin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-017-2887-1","article-title":"Enhanced extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves using a biomolecule-based low-transition temperature mixture","volume":"243","author":"Karageorgou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Food Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dedousi, M., Mamoudaki, V., Grigorakis, S., and Makris, D.P. (2017). Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenolic antioxidants from olive (Olea europaea) leaves using a novel glycerol\/sodium-potassium tartrate low-transition temperature mixture (LTTM). Environments, 4.","DOI":"10.3390\/environments4020031"}],"container-title":["Medicines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2305-6320\/5\/1\/14\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T14:52:45Z","timestamp":1760194365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2305-6320\/5\/1\/14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,27]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["medicines5010014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicines5010014","relation":{},"ISSN":["2305-6320"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2305-6320"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,27]]}}}