{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T23:21:46Z","timestamp":1772234506093,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The widespread use of the JUUL\u2122 device ignited a discussion about the effects these products have on harm reduction. Therefore, we conducted a study directly comparing the JUUL\u2122 device with a cigarette, a heated tobacco product, and a nicotine-free e-cigarette to examine the acute effects on arterial stiffness. Methods: This crossover-designed study examines 20 occasional smokers (age 25.2 \u00b1 2.5 years). Study participants used each of the four smoking devices for a duration of 5 min following a protocol. Peripheral blood pressure and parameters of arterial stiffness and endothelial vasodilator function such as the reactive hyperemia index and the augmentation index were measured using the EndoPAT\u21222000 before and after. Results: In addition to significant peripheral hemodynamic changes after 5 and 10 min (p &lt; 0.05), the reactive hyperemia index showed a significant decrease for all devices 15 min after consumption and remained significantly decreased after 60 min (p &lt; 0.01). The augmentation index adjusted for a heart rate of 75 bpm increased significantly for all devices 15 and 60 min after consumption (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, the increases in blood pressure and arterial stiffness are similar after smoking, JUUL\u2122ing, heating, and vaping. These changes may be associated with an increase in cardiovascular risks; however, an evaluation of the long-term effects of JUUL\u2122ing, vaping and heating is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines9040028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T11:26:07Z","timestamp":1649157967000},"page":"28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["JUUL\u2122ing and Heating Lead to a Worsening of Arterial Stiffness"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Benthien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic III, Campus L\u00fcbeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"},{"name":"Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927 Gro\u00dfhansdorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8473-3601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moritz","family":"Meusel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic II, Campus L\u00fcbeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silja","family":"Cayo Talavera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic III, Campus L\u00fcbeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"},{"name":"Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927 Gro\u00dfhansdorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Eitel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic II, Campus L\u00fcbeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Dr\u00f6mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic III, Campus L\u00fcbeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"},{"name":"Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927 Gro\u00dfhansdorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaas F.","family":"Franzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic III, Campus L\u00fcbeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"},{"name":"Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927 Gro\u00dfhansdorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty237","article-title":"Use of JUUL E-cigarettes Among Youth in the United States","volume":"22","author":"Hammond","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. 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