{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:41:35Z","timestamp":1791592895135,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant to the Perception Dynamics Institute from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["1R43NS132718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R43NS132718"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) presents with persistent, heterogeneous symptoms requiring multifaceted care. Although interdisciplinary rehabilitation is increasingly recommended, implementation remains inconsistent. This study aimed to synthesize existing literature and clinician perspectives to construct a practice-informed conceptual framework for interprofessional mTBI rehabilitation. Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with 94 clinicians\u2014including neurologists, neuropsychologists, optometrists, occupational and physical therapists, speech-language pathologists, neurosurgeons, and case managers\u2014across academic, private, and community settings in the United States. Interviews followed a semi-structured format adapted for the NIH I-Corps program and were analyzed thematically alongside existing rehabilitation literature. Results: Clinicians expressed strong consensus on the value of function-oriented, patient-centered care. Key themes included the prevalence of persistent cognitive and visual symptoms, emphasis on real-world goal setting, and barriers such as fragmented communication, reimbursement restrictions, and referral delays. Disciplinary differences were noted in perceptions of symptom persistence and professional roles. Rehabilitation technologies were inconsistently adopted due to financial, training, and interoperability barriers. Equity issues included geographic and insurance-based disparities. A four-domain conceptual framework emerged: discipline-specific expertise, coordinated training, technological integration, and care infrastructure, all shaped by systemic limitations. Conclusions: Despite widespread clinician endorsement of interprofessional mTBI care, structural barriers hinder consistent implementation. Targeted reforms\u2014such as embedding interdisciplinary models in clinical education, expanding access to integrated technology, and improving reimbursement mechanisms\u2014may enhance care delivery. The resulting framework provides a foundation for scalable, patient-centered rehabilitation models in diverse settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci13030082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T09:24:18Z","timestamp":1750757058000},"page":"82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Interprofessional Approaches to the Treatment of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Literature Review and Conceptual Framework Informed by 94 Professional Interviews"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5853-1010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John F.","family":"Shelley-Tremblay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teri","family":"Lawton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perception Dynamics Institute, PO Box 231305, Encinitas, CA 92023-1305, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Collaborative care for cognitive communication disorders in adults with mild traumatic brain injury: An interprofessional framework","volume":"6","author":"Mashima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Perspect. 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