{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:25:58Z","timestamp":1790036758859,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VIII DomusVi Awards"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chronic pain is a prevalent and disabling condition, affecting 20\u201330% of the global population, which requires multidisciplinary approaches integrating non-pharmacological therapies and promoting patient engagement in self-management. Objective: To describe the structure, content, outcomes, and lessons learned from multicomponent workshops for chronic non-cancer pain using non-pharmacological therapies. Methods: A quasi-experimental before\u2013after study was conducted in patients attending a chronic pain workshop at San Juan de Dios Hospital (Bormujos, Seville, Spain) between November 2021 and May 2024, with a 3-month follow-up, Validated scales and an ad hoc patient survey were administered at baseline, immediately post-workshop, and at 3-month follow-up. Furthermore, comparative analysis was conducted 4 months before and after the intervention for emergency visits and consultations, medication consumption, and employment status. Analyses employed Chi-square or Fisher\u2019s exact tests (categorical variables); student\u2019s t-tests or Mann\u2013Whitney U (between-group); paired t-tests or Wilcoxon (within-group pre\u2013post); and effect sizes (Cohen\u2019s d, Rosenthal\u2019s r). Significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results: 197 patients completed the workshop; 178 (90.4%) were women, mean age: 55.0; 114 (57.9%) had fibromyalgia. Reductions were observed in: pain (scale 0\u201310) (baseline: 7.0; end of workshop: 5.0; 3 months: 5.0; p &lt; 0.001); anxiety (13.0; 9.0; 11.0; p &lt; 0.001); and depression (11.4; 7.2; 6.8; p &lt; 0.001) (scales 0\u201321). Increases were noted in: well-being (scale 0\u201310) (4.0; 6.0; 5.0; p &lt; 0.001); quality of life (scale 0\u20131) (0.399; 0.581; 0.556; p &lt; 0.001); health status (scale 0\u2013100) (40.0; 60.0; 60.0; p &lt; 0.001); self-esteem (scale 9\u201336) (23.5; 27.1; 26.6; p &lt; 0.001); and resilience (scale 6\u201330) (17.0; 18.0; 18.0; p = 0.002, p &lt; 0.001). PROMs were completed by 189 patients at the end of the workshop and 110 at 3 months: pain decreased (end of workshop: 76.7%; 3 months: 80.7%); medication decreased (80.5%; 78.1%); and habits improved (87.2%; 87.6%). 40 patients (37.4%) reduced emergency visits and scheduled consultations. Overall satisfaction: 9.7. Conclusions: The workshop enhanced patients\u2019 self-management and produced improvements in pain, quality of life, emotional well-being, and self-esteem, with effects maintained at 3 months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci13040319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T08:46:52Z","timestamp":1765874812000},"page":"319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Empowering Patients: A Multicomponent Workshop Improves Self-Management and Quality of Life in Chronic Pain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0601-8952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Victoria","family":"Ruiz-Romero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios del Aljarafe Hospital, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School, Comillas Pontifical University, Bormujos, 28036 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Bego\u00f1a","family":"G\u00f3mez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios del Aljarafe Hospital, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School, Comillas Pontifical University, Bormujos, 28036 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Porr\u00faa-Del","family":"Saz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios del Aljarafe Hospital, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Blanca","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Monrob\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios del Aljarafe Hospital, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School, Comillas Pontifical University, Bormujos, 28036 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios del Aljarafe Hospital, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Semillero de Investigaci\u00f3n Jos\u00e9 Bueno O.H., San Juan de Dios University Nursing Center, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9193-7170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Almudena","family":"Arroyo-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School, Comillas Pontifical University, Bormujos, 28036 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Anastasia","family":"Garrido-Alfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios del Aljarafe Hospital, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e9stor","family":"Canal-Diez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semillero de Investigaci\u00f3n Jos\u00e9 Bueno O.H., San Juan de Dios University Nursing Center, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1409-1287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"Guerra-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Seville Institute of Biomedicine (IBiS), 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Consuelo","family":"Pereira-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan de Dios del Aljarafe Hospital, Bormujos, 41930 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School, Comillas Pontifical University, Bormujos, 28036 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.06.009","article-title":"Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Breivik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00393-7","article-title":"Chronic pain: An update on burden, best practices, and new advances","volume":"397","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Observatorio del Dolor, Fundaci\u00f3n Gr\u00fcnenthal Espa\u00f1a (2023, October 03). Bar\u00f3metro Del Dolor Cr\u00f3nico En Espa\u00f1a. An\u00e1lisis de Situaci\u00f3n Del Impacto Del Dolor Cr\u00f3nico a Nivel Nacional. Available online: https:\/\/www.fundaciongrunenthal.es\/fundacion\/con-la-ciencia\/barometro-dolor-cronico-espana-2022."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e316","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00098-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990\u20132020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","author":"Ferreira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ortega-Jim\u00e9nez, P., De Sola, H., Salazar, A., Due\u00f1as, M., Del Reguero, L., and Failde, I. (2020). A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of Self-Reported Adherence and Factors Associated with Analgesic Treatment in People with Chronic Pain. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113666"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"James","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.36105\/mye.2022v33n2.06","article-title":"Manejo del dolor cr\u00f3nico\u2014No oncol\u00f3gico\u2014: Un reto bio\u00e9tico emergente","volume":"33","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. \u00c9tica"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4490-y","article-title":"Patient-Centered Pain Management Communication from the Patient Perspective","volume":"33","author":"Haverfield","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Delegaci\u00f3n del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas, Ministerio de Sanidad SS e Igualdad (2023, October 03). Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas. Encuesta Sobre Alcohol y Otras Drogas En Espa\u00f1a (EDADES) 1995\u20132022, Available online: https:\/\/pnsd.sanidad.gob.es\/profesionales\/sistemasInformacion\/sistemaInformacion\/encuestas_EDADES.htm."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galan-Martin, M.A., Montero-Cuadrado, F., Lluch-Girbes, E., Coca-L\u00f3pez, M.C., Mayo-Iscar, A., and Cuesta-Vargas, A. (2020). Pain Neuroscience Education and Physical Therapeutic Exercise for Patients with Chronic Spinal Pain in Spanish Physiotherapy Primary Care: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041201"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002929","article-title":"Reductions in kinesiophobia and distress after pain neuroscience education and exercise lead to favourable outcomes: A secondary mediation analysis of a randomized controlled trial in primary care","volume":"164","author":"Murillo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhqr.2024.01.005","article-title":"Impacto de un programa multicomponente con terapias no farmacol\u00f3gicas para pacientes con dolor cr\u00f3nico","volume":"39","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Healthc. Qual. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"e202309071","article-title":"Efectividad de una intervenci\u00f3n multimodal para la mejora de la atenci\u00f3n al dolor cr\u00f3nico","volume":"97","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Salud Publica"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2023.04.008","article-title":"Efficacy of Videoconference Group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Behavioral Activation Therapy for Depression (BATD) for Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) Plus Comorbid Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial (IMPACT Study)","volume":"24","author":"McCracken","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serrat, M., Almirall, M., Must\u00e9, M., Sanabria-Mazo, J.P., Feliu-Soler, A., M\u00e9ndez-Ulrich, J.L., Luciano, J.V., and Sanz, A. (2020). Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Treatment for Fibromyalgia Based on Pain Neuroscience Education, Exercise Therapy, Psychological Support, and Nature Exposure (NAT-FM): A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9103348"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serrat, M., Ferr\u00e9s, S., Auer, W., Almirall, M., Lluch, E., D\u2019Amico, F., Maes, M., Lorente, S., Navarrete, J., and Montero-Marin, J. (2022). Effectiveness, cost-utility and physiological underpinnings of the FIBROWALK multicomponent therapy in online and outdoor format in individuals with fibromyalgia: Study protocol of a randomized, controlled trial (On & Out study). Front. Physiol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1046613"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0001346","article-title":"Effectiveness of an online multicomponent program (FATIGUEWALK) for chronic fatigue syndrome: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Serrat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhqr.2024.02.004","article-title":"Manejo del dolor cr\u00f3nico no oncol\u00f3gico con programas multicomponentes de terapias no farmacol\u00f3gicas: Revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica de la literatura","volume":"39","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Healthc. Qual. Res."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Tauben, D., and Stacey, B. (2023, October 03). Approach to the Management of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain in Adults. Uptodate. Available online: http:\/\/112.2.34.14:9095\/contents\/approach-to-the-management-of-chronic-non-cancer-pain-in-adults\/print."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000921","article-title":"Patient action: As means and end for chronic pain care","volume":"158","author":"Sullivan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2017.1312565","article-title":"Long-lasting improvements in health-related quality of life among women with chronic pain, following multidisciplinary rehabilitation","volume":"40","author":"Triebel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sk\u00falad\u00f3ttir, H., Bj\u00f6rnsdottir, A., Holden, J.E., Gunnarsd\u00f3ttir, T.J., Halldorsdottir, S., and Sveinsdottir, H. (2021). Pain Rehabilitation\u2019s Effect on People in Chronic Pain: A Prospective Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph181910306"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-200305","article-title":"Effectiveness of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program in real-world patients with chronic back pain: A pilot cohort data analysis","volume":"34","author":"You","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Back Musculoskelet. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/00002820-199704000-00002","article-title":"Validity of a verbally administered numeric rating scale to measure cancer pain intensity","volume":"20","author":"Paice","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.752","article-title":"Validity of a single-item measure of stress symptoms","volume":"29","author":"Elo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand. J. Work Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0212-6567(01)70406-4","article-title":"El EuroQol-5D: Una alternativa sencilla para la medici\u00f3n de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en atenci\u00f3n primaria","volume":"28","author":"Herdman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aten. Primaria"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1017\/S1138741600006727","article-title":"The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Translation and Validation in University Students","volume":"10","author":"Navarro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Span. J. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e101","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000191","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) Spanish Version","volume":"28","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Assess."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-8343(03)00043-4","article-title":"A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) in a Spanish population","volume":"25","author":"Herrero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pzab200","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab200","article-title":"Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Treatment Based on Pain Neuroscience Education, Therapeutic Exercise, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Mindfulness in Patients With Fibromyalgia (FIBROWALK Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"101","author":"Serrat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2022.104188","article-title":"Effectiveness of two video-based multicomponent treatments for fibromyalgia: The added value of cognitive restructuring and mindfulness in a three-arm randomised controlled trial","volume":"158","author":"Serrat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/20494637221133630","article-title":"Compassion focused therapy for pain management: \u20183 systems approach\u2019 to understanding why striving and self-criticism are key psychological barriers to regulating activity and improving self-care for people living with persistent pain","volume":"17","author":"Malpus","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2022.100962","article-title":"Protocol for mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement (MORE) in the management of lumbosacral radiculopathy\/radiculitis symptoms: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Wexler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Contemp. Clin. Trials Commun."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cano-Garc\u00eda, F.J., Gonz\u00e1lez-Ortega, M.d.C., Sanduvete-Chaves, S., Chac\u00f3n-Moscoso, S., and Moreno-Borrego, R. (2017). Evaluation of a Psychological Intervention for Patients with Chronic Pain in Primary Care. Front. Psychol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00435"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215515618730","article-title":"Promoting physical activity in low back pain patients: Six months follow-up of a randomised controlled trial comparing a multicomponent intervention with a low intensity intervention","volume":"30","author":"Schaller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaller, A., Petrowski, K., Pfoertner, T.K., and Froboese, I. (2017). Effectiveness of a theory-based multicomponent intervention (Movement Coaching) on the promotion of total and domain-specific physical activity: A randomised controlled trial in low back pain patients. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1788-6"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barnes, P.M., Bloom, B., and Nahin, R.L. (2008). Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults and children: United States, 2007. Natl. Health Stat. Rep., 1\u201323. Available online: https:\/\/stacks.cdc.gov\/view\/cdc\/5266.","DOI":"10.1037\/e623942009-001"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Clarke, T.C., Barnes, P.M., Black, L.I., Stussman, B.J., and Nahin, R.L. (2018). Use of Yoga, Meditation, and Chiropractors Among, U.S. Adults Aged 18 and Over. NCHS Data Brief, 1\u20138. Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/products\/databriefs\/db325.htm?mod=article_inline."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.06.007","article-title":"Evidence-Based Evaluation of Complementary Health Approaches for Pain Management in the United States","volume":"91","author":"Nahin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."}],"container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3271\/13\/4\/319\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T08:41:31Z","timestamp":1766133691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3271\/13\/4\/319"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["medsci13040319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medsci13040319","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3271"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3271","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]}}}