{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:09:44Z","timestamp":1789578584371,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education","award":["5011040102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5011040102"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Guidelines suggest that a single lifetime measurement of lipoproteina(a) [Lp(a)] is sufficient for most patients as its levels are largely genetically determined and do not significantly change over time. The aim of the study was to assess the midterm variability in Lp(a) levels and its determinants. Methods: The analysis included 1263 patients (68.7% women, median age 69.0 [59.0\u201375.0] years) who underwent two measurements of Lp(a) levels at an interval of at least one year and up to a maximum of three years. Results: The median Lp(a) level in the first measurement was 9.0 \u00b1 19.0 mg\/dl, compared to 8.8 \u00b1 19.1 mg\/dL in the second measurement (p &lt; 0.001). The mean increase in Lp(a) level (N = 692) was 4.1 \u00b1 6.9 mg\/dL, while the mean decrease (N = 483) was 5.6 \u00b1 11.4 mg\/dL. A total of 64.7% of patients exhibited a change in Lp(a) level \u2265 10%, 44.3% \u2265 20%; 28.2% \u2265 30% and 14.0% \u2265 50% of the baseline values. We found no significant differences in the Lp(a) level change related to sex, age, or comorbidities. Conclusions: A significant change in Lp(a) levels was observed in the midterm follow-up. These findings potentially have a profound clinical importance. The current expert recommendation to measure Lp(a) at least once in a lifetime appears to be inaccurate and should be revised.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci13040320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T13:32:37Z","timestamp":1765805557000},"page":"320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Is a Single Lipoprotein(a) Measurement Once in a Lifetime Sufficient? The Results from the STAR-Lp(a) Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9875-7383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Burzy\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warszawa, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6223-8821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Jankowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warszawa, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warszawa, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6690-6874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Banach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287 MD, USA"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8805-9688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Chudzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warszawa, Poland"},{"name":"Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine Department, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R071571","article-title":"Lipoprotein (a): A historical appraisal","volume":"58","author":"Kostner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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