{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:47:04Z","timestamp":1787240824329,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010804","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MR PSU-680472-530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR PSU-680472-530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010804","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["REC 68-541-38-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REC 68-541-38-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignancy often driven by metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, and chronic hepatitis. These conditions foster a pro-inflammatory microenvironment that promotes tumor progression. Viniferin, a natural oligostilbene, has gained attention for its potential bioactivity. This study utilized an in silico network pharmacology approach to elucidate the pharmacokinetic properties and molecular mechanisms of \u03b5- and \u03b4-viniferin against HCC within the context of metabolic and inflammatory liver pathologies. Methods: ADMET profiles were characterized using SwissADME and pkCSM. Therapeutic targets were identified by intersecting viniferin-associated molecules with disease genes from GeneCards. A protein\u2013protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, supplemented by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking and 200 ns of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations evaluated the binding affinity and structural stability between viniferin isomers and identified hub proteins. Results: Both \u03b5- and \u03b4-viniferin showed favorable drug-like properties, including high gastrointestinal absorption and low hepatotoxicity. We identified 247 overlapping targets, with network analysis highlighting ten essential hub genes, including AKT1, HSP90AA1, ESR1, HIF1A, NFKB1, GSK3B, PTGS2, APP, MTOR, and PIK3CA. Enrichment analysis confirmed their involvement in critical oncogenic pathways. Molecular docking showed strong interactions with APP, HSP90AA1, and AKT1, while MD simulations validated the long-term stability of \u03b5-viniferin within the APP binding pocket. Conclusions: These findings provide mechanistic insights into viniferin as a multi-target agent for HCC, justifying further experimental validation in pre-clinical models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci14010130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T09:00:37Z","timestamp":1773219637000},"page":"130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effect of Viniferin on Liver Cancer: Research Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8221-9454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saowanee","family":"Maungchanburi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onwara","family":"Wongmek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poolsak","family":"Baitahay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asron","family":"Saweak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maroof","family":"Wangkaranae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanmai","family":"Kongwattananon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4775-9754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suphasarang","family":"Sirirattanakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3264-1155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moragot","family":"Chatatikun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8422-2644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atthaphong","family":"Phongphithakchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9286-1786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason C.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Tedasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7892-4436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chutima","family":"Jansakun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"},{"name":"Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80161, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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