{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:46:31Z","timestamp":1785415591988,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israel Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2802\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2802\/22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["2802\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2802\/22"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04sazxf24","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001742","name":"United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023129"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001742","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["2023129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023129"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00j8z2m73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["5912"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5912"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001698","name":"Israel Cancer Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81233611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81233611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is common, but its cancer-risk profile remains incompletely defined. Estimates vary because of referral patterns, diagnostic era, outcome definitions, and surveillance around diagnosis. We evaluated cancer-category-specific associations in a matched cohort of clinically recognized CD. Methods: We used longitudinal electronic health record (EHR) data from Clalit Health Services for a propensity-matched cohort. Adults with EHR-coded CD were matched to controls on demographic, socioeconomic, comorbidity, and inflammatory variables. Pre-index invasive malignancies and non-invasive neoplasms were excluded. Dated EHR-coded invasive oncology outcomes were analyzed using Cox models. A restricted dated-event cohort, lag analyses, competing-risk modeling, hemoglobin adjustment, and age-at-index strata assessed robustness. Results: The primary matched cohort included 8143 individuals: 1006 with CD and 7137 controls, contributing 49,330.5 person-years. CD was associated with increased hazard of an EHR-coded invasive oncology outcome (hazard ratio [HR] 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.47\u20131.77; p&lt;0.001). Strongest signals were hematological malignancy codes (HR 1.99), lymphoma codes (HR 1.90), and gastrointestinal (GI) cancer codes (HR 2.71). Associations persisted after one-year and two-year lags. In the dated-event sensitivity cohort (161 CD; 1610 controls), CD remained associated with invasive cancer (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.31\u20132.14), with the strongest signals for lymphoma (HR 2.81) and GI cancer (HR 2.25). The association was essentially unchanged under competing-risk modeling (Fine\u2013Gray subdistribution HR 1.69) and after hemoglobin adjustment (HR 1.61), and was present in both age strata. Neither breast nor lung cancer was associated. Lymphoma codes included peripheral T-cell lymphomas recorded at intra-abdominal and extranodal sites, the pattern most consistent with enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL). Conclusions: In clinically recognized CD, cancer hazard was elevated and category-specific, concentrated in hematological, lymphoid, and GI codes with a gut-oriented T-cell lymphoma signal. The findings support targeted clinical vigilance, not expanded screening, and describe relative associations that require registry-linked confirmation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci14030352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:49:33Z","timestamp":1782712173000},"page":"352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cancer Risk in Clinically Recognized Celiac Disease: A Nationwide Propensity-Matched Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Reem","family":"Zabit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 1300000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Shibly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clalit Health Services Community Clinic, Karmey Gat 8202280, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamal","family":"Zidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 1300000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ofir","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7715-1825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismaell","family":"Massalha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 1300000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.06.037","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Celiac Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. 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