{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:38:25Z","timestamp":1785411505102,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18gk0110033h0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18gk0110033h0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22gn0110060h0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22gn0110060h0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["18gk0110033h0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18gk0110033h0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/004rtk039","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["22gn0110060h0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22gn0110060h0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/004rtk039","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Neonatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of neurodevelopmental diseases. In a previous retrospective study, we revealed that the levels of the soluble form of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) are linked to HIE severity. We conducted a prospective investigation to evaluate the association between sLOX-1 levels and HIE severity using the Sarnat staging system, as well as a multicenter study to assess neurodevelopmental sequelae in the short term. Methods: A total of 193 infants were enrolled in the study between April 2018 and March 2021. We divided the infants into groups as follows: infants without HIE were assigned to a normal control group, and those with HIE to mild, moderate, and severe HIE groups. We measured 191 samples, excluding three participants. The distribution of 191 participants was as follows: 88 normal samples of 50 umbilical cord (UC) arteries and 38 venous blood samples (control; CTL), as well as 103 HIE samples of 34 mild, 55 moderate, and 14 severe HIE samples. All the plasma samples were collected until 6 h after birth. Results: The mean sLOX-1 value in the CTL group was 613 pg\/mL (IQR: 474\u2013925 pg\/mL) and that in the UC group was 497 pg\/mL (IQR: 337\u2013693 pg\/mL), with no significant difference (p = 0.136). The mean sLOX-1 value in the mild HIE group was 1030 pg\/mL (IQR: 658\u20131547 pg\/mL), 1026 pg\/mL (IQR: 710\u20132051 pg\/mL) in the moderate HIE group, and 1444 pg\/mL (IQR: 766\u20133927 pg\/mL) in the severe HIE group. There were significant differences between the CTL and HIE groups (p = 0.006) and between the CTL and mild HIE groups (p &lt; 0.05), but not between the mild HIE and the moderate and severe HIE groups (p = 0.088). The other blood markers exhibited no correlation with Sarnat severity. Interestingly, blood sLOX-1 levels increased with Sarnat severity. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that sLOX-1 level was correlated with Sarnat severity. Moreover, early assessment of sLOX-1 level may be useful for deciding whether to induce therapeutic hypothermia and\/or other treatments, and sLOX-1 may serve as a short-term outcome biomarker of HIE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci14030391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:05:58Z","timestamp":1784077558000},"page":"391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blood sLOX-1 Is Beneficial for Determining Severity of Neonatal Hypoxic\u2013Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Takuya","family":"Oshima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9071-1395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohisa","family":"Akamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2353-4430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoto","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshimasa","family":"Obonai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama-Hokubu Medical Center, Tokyo 189-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Saitama Prefectural Children\u2019s Medical Center, Saitama 330-8777, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7002-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaoru","family":"Okazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children\u2019s Medical Center, Tokyo 130-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Shibasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Kanagawa Children\u2019s Medical Center, Kanagawa 232-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9277-1109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osuke","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6175-0313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takafumi","family":"Sakakibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6285-7737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reiko","family":"Kushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Tokyo 130-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Masumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6719-1241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8960-1176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daigo","family":"Kajikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Ibaraki Children\u2019s Hospital, Ibaraki 311-4145, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0647-7868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumi","family":"Kono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuki","family":"Maeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, Kurume 830-8543, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4093-3211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Nagaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura 300-0028, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Oka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"},{"name":"Saitama Prefectural Children\u2019s Medical Center, Saitama 330-8777, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7247-2259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masayuki","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.3269","article-title":"Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: A review 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