{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T03:42:33Z","timestamp":1784691753379,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Despite the increasing use of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring during parotid gland surgery or the improvement in the preoperative radiological assessment, facial nerve injury (FNI) continues to be the most feared complication; (2) Methods: patients who underwent parotid gland surgery for benign tumors between June 2010 and June 2019 were included in this study aiming to make a proof of concept about the reliability of an artificial neural networks (AAN) algorithm for prediction of FNI and compared with a multivariate linear regression (MLR); (3) Results: Concerning prediction accuracy and performance, the ANN achieved the highest sensitivity (86.53% vs 46.23%), specificity (95.67% vs 92.59%), PPV (87.28% vs 66.94%), NPV (95.68% vs 83.37%), ROC\u2013AUC (0.960 vs 0.769) and accuracy (93.42 vs 80.42) than MLR; and (4) Conclusions: ANN prediction models can be useful for otolaryngologists\u2014head and neck surgeons\u2014and patients to provide evidence-based predictions about the risk of FNI. As an advantage, the possibility to develop a calculator using clinical, radiological and histological or cytological information can improve our ability to generate patients counselling before surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci8040042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T08:52:41Z","timestamp":1602147161000},"page":"42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Artificial Neural Network as a Tool to Predict Facial Nerve Palsy in Parotid Gland Surgery for Benign Tumors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9454-9464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos M","family":"Chiesa-Estomba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"},{"name":"Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"},{"name":"Head &amp; Neck Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon A","family":"Sistiaga-Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 \u00c1ngel","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekhi\u00f1e","family":"Larruscain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1618-0048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cammaroto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head &amp; Neck Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1829-6597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Mayo-Y\u00e1nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head &amp; Neck Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coru\u00f1a (CHUAC), 15006 A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome R","family":"Lechien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head &amp; Neck Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy &amp; Experimental Oncology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3580-0967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Calvo-Henr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head &amp; Neck Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, 15704 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xabier","family":"Altuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"},{"name":"Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Medela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEGIT Health, 48071 Bilbao, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480600672618","article-title":"Risk of facial palsy and severe Frey\u2019s syndrome after conservative parotidectomy for benign disease: Analysis of 610 operations","volume":"126","author":"Gabriel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000200741.37460.ea","article-title":"Parotidectomy for benign parotid disease at a university teaching hospital: Outcome of 963 operations","volume":"116","author":"Klussmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2225-y","article-title":"Parotidectomy and submandibulectomy for benign diseases in Thuringia, Germany: A population-based study on epidemiology and outcome","volume":"270","author":"Moeller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. 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