{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:15:51Z","timestamp":1784805351329,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LGG20B060001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGG20B060001"]}]},{"name":"The Key Research &amp; Development Plan of Zhejiang Province","award":["2020C02049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020C02049"]}]},{"name":"The Science Foundation of Taizhou University for Distinguished Young Scholars","award":["2018JQ004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018JQ004"]}]},{"name":"The Science Fundation of Taizhou University","award":["2019PY024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019PY024"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, chitosan and sugarcane cellulose were used as film-forming materials, while the inorganic agent zinc oxide (ZnO) and natural compound phenyllactic acid (PA) were used as the main bacteriostatic components to fabricate biodegradable antimicrobial composite membranes. The water absorption and antimicrobial properties were investigated by adjusting the concentration of PA. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrated that the components of the composite membrane were successfully integrated. The addition of ZnO improved the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of the composite membrane, while the addition of PA with high crystallinity significantly reduced the water absorption and swelling. Moreover, the addition of 0.5% PA greatly improved the water absorption of the composite membrane. The results of antimicrobial experiments showed that PA improved the antimicrobial activity of the composite membrane against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium rubens. Among them, 0.3% PA had the best antimicrobial effect against S. aureus, E. coli and A. niger, while 0.7% PA had the best antimicrobial effect against P. rubens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12020239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T08:22:19Z","timestamp":1645431739000},"page":"239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Enhanced Antimicrobial Cellulose\/Chitosan\/ZnO Biodegradable Composite Membrane"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China"},{"name":"Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longfei","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huayue","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Kingsun Eco-Pack Co., Ltd., Taizhou 317000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahuan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongqian","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"A review of the applications of bioproteins in the preparation of biodegradable films and polymers","volume":"1","author":"Pirsa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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