{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:15:23Z","timestamp":1790957723185,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\/2018\/15083-2-0,"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/2018\/15083-2-0,"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["471129\/2013-5, 306251\/2016-7, 429322\/2018-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["471129\/2013-5, 306251\/2016-7, 429322\/2018-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Isobavachalcone (IBC) is a natural prenylated chalcone with a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. In this work, we newly synthesized and investigated the antibacterial activity of IBC against Gram-positive, Gram-negative and mycobacterial species. IBC was active against Gram-positive bacteria, mainly against Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.56 and 3.12 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively. On the other hand, IBC was not able to act against Gram-negative species (MIC &gt; 400 \u00b5g\/mL). IBC displayed activity against mycobacterial species (MIC = 64 \u00b5g\/mL), including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium kansasii. IBC was able to inhibit more than 50% of MSSA and MRSA biofilm formation at 0.78 \u00b5g\/mL. Its antibiofilm activity was similar to vancomycin, which was active at 0.74 \u00b5g\/mL. In order to study the mechanism of the action by fluorescence microscopy, the propidium iodide (PI) and SYTO9 fluorophores indicated that IBC disrupted the membrane of Bacillus subtilis. Toxicity assays using human keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line) showed that IBC did not have the capacity to reduce the cell viability. These results suggested that IBC is a promising antibacterial agent with an elucidated mode of action and potential applications as an antibacterial drug and a medical device coating.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12030269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T20:47:17Z","timestamp":1645994837000},"page":"269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Antibacterial Activity of Isobavachalcone (IBC) Is Associated with Membrane Disruption"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9869-8934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia Ribeiro de","family":"Assis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinaldo dos Santos","family":"Theodoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4840-8032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Beatriz Silva","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julyanna Andrade Silva","family":"Nascentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel Divino da","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3120-1799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meliza Arantes de Souza","family":"Bessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia (UFU), Umuarama 38405-320, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralciane de Paula","family":"Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia (UFU), Umuarama 38405-320, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Dilarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), Rio Claro 130506-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4299-2269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovane B\u00f6erner","family":"Hypolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), Rio Claro 130506-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Rodrigues dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), Ara\u00e7atuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiane","family":"Duque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), Ara\u00e7atuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9183-9420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), Rio Claro 130506-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8634-6878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Henrique Gomes","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia (UFU), Umuarama 38405-320, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Octavio","family":"Regasini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.8b00643","article-title":"Differential 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