{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T16:42:28Z","timestamp":1768840948628,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","award":["FRGS\/1\/2022\/STG04\/UKM\/02\/4."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2022\/STG04\/UKM\/02\/4."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A novel rapid and sensitive optical sensor for Cu2+ ion detection based on 5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-7,14-dienium dibromide (TL) immobilized on Santa Barbara Amorphous (SBA-15) has been successfully developed. The inner and outer space of SBA15 allowed a high capacity of TL compound to immobilize onto it. FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis was performed to confirm the morphology of TL-SBA15, while FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) was utilized to confirm the interaction of TL\u2013SBA15. A binding study of TL compound towards Cu2+ ion was performed via UV-vis solution study and binding titration. The stoichiometric binding ratio and binding constant value Kb of TL towards Cu2+ ion was 1:1 and 2.33 \u00d7 103 M\u22121, respectively. The optical reflectance sensor based on the TL compound is selective to Cu2+ ion and demonstrated a linear response over a Cu2+ ion concentration range of 1 \u00d7 10\u22127 M to 2 \u00d7 10\u22125 M, with a detection limit (LOD) of 1.02 \u00d7 10\u22127 M (R2 = 0.99) and fast response time of &lt; 1 min. It showed high reproducibility, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) obtained at 0.47%. This optical sensor is reusable up to five consecutive times on Cu2+ ion by using 0.1 M EDTA with a pH of 6 as a regeneration solution, with a reversibility RSD value of 0.79%. The developed optical sensor provides a rapid and sensitive tool for Cu2+ ion detection in teabag samples, and the results align with those obtained by the ICP-MS standard method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12111152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T03:05:21Z","timestamp":1668654321000},"page":"1152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A New Sensing Material Based on Tetraaza\/SBA15 for Rapid Detection of Copper(II) Ion in Water"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6483-7382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eda","family":"Yuhana-Ariffin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siti Syahraini","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9079-6273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noraisyah","family":"Abdul Kadir Jilani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Devika","family":"Nokarajoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nurul Hidayah","family":"Abdul Razak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darfizzi","family":"Derawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siti Aishah","family":"Hasbullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Baker, B.H., Omer, A., and Aldridge, C.A. 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