{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:00:01Z","timestamp":1760148001436,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute of Biological Sciences of the Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University","award":["MN\/2021\/7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MN\/2021\/7"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Legionella gormanii is one of the species belonging to the genus Legionella, which causes atypical community-acquired pneumonia. The most important virulence factors that enable the bacteria to colonize the host organism are associated with the cell surface. Lipids building the cell envelope are crucial not only for the membrane integrity of L. gormanii but also by virtue of being a dynamic site of interactions between the pathogen and the metabolites supplied by its host. The utilization of exogenous choline by the Legionella species results in changes in the lipids\u2019 composition, which influences the physicochemical properties of the cell surface. The aim of this study was to characterize the interfacial properties of the phospholipids extracted from L. gormanii cultured with (PL+choline) and without exogenous choline (PL\u2212choline). The Langmuir monolayer technique coupled with the surface potential (SPOT) sensor and the Brewster angle microscope (BAM) made it possible to prepare the lipid monomolecular films (model membranes) and study their properties at the liquid\/air interface at 20 \u00b0C and 37 \u00b0C. The results indicate the effect of the choline addition to the bacterial medium on the properties of the L. gormanii phospholipid membranes. The differences were revealed in the organization of monolayers, their molecular packing and ordering, degree of condensation and changes in the components\u2019 miscibility. These findings are the basis for further research on the mechanisms of adaptation of this pathogen, which by changing the native composition and properties of lipids, bypasses the action of antimicrobial compounds and avoids the host immune attack.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes13030356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T04:05:23Z","timestamp":1679285123000},"page":"356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Physicochemical Characteristics of Model Membranes Composed of Legionella gormanii Lipids"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Pastuszak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Chmiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Tarasiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5365-7677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Jurak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Palusi\u0144ska-Szysz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a000414","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a000414","article-title":"The bacterial cell envelope","volume":"2","author":"Silhavy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. 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