{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:20:26Z","timestamp":1792092026503,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 111-2314-B-035-002-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2314-B-035-002-MY3"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["110-2314-B-037-089-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2314-B-037-089-MY3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nanofibrous membranes made of hydrogels have high specific surface areas and are suitable as drug carriers. Multilayer membranes fabricated by continuous electrospinning could delay drug release by increasing diffusion pathways, which is beneficial for long-term wound care. In this experiment, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and gelatin were used as membrane substrates, and a sandwich PVA\/gelatin\/PVA structure of layer-by-layer membranes was prepared by electrospinning under different drug loading concentrations and spinning times. The outer layers on both sides were citric-acid-crosslinked PVA membranes loaded with gentamicin as an electrospinning solution, and the middle layer was a curcumin-loaded gelatin membrane for the study of release behavior, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility. According to the in vitro release results, the multilayer membrane could release curcumin slowly; the release amount was about 55% less than that of the single layer within 4 days. Most of the prepared membranes showed no significant degradation during immersion, and the phosphonate-buffered saline absorption rate of the multilayer membrane was about five to six times its weight. The results of the antibacterial test showed that the multilayer membrane loaded with gentamicin had a good inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, the layer-by-layer assembled membrane was non-cytotoxic but detrimental to cell attachment at all gentamicin-carrying concentrations. This feature could be used as a wound dressing to reduce secondary damage to the wound when changing the dressing. This multilayer wound dressing could be applied to wounds in the future to reduce the risk of bacterial infection and help wounds heal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes13060564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T02:57:10Z","timestamp":1685501830000},"page":"564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Development and In Vitro Analysis of Layer-by-Layer Assembled Membranes for Potential Wound Dressing: Electrospun Curcumin\/Gelatin as Middle Layer and Gentamicin\/Polyvinyl Alcohol as Outer Layers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ssu-Meng","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua-Yi","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5581-9991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"},{"name":"Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.02.022","article-title":"Antibacterial biohybrid nanofibers for wound dressings","volume":"107","author":"Homaeigohar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"993","article-title":"Composite poly (vinyl alcohol)\/poly (vinyl acetate) electrospun nanofibrous mats as a novel wound dressing matrix for controlled release of drugs","volume":"6","author":"Jannesari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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