{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:12:25Z","timestamp":1793236345199,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2013NextGenerationEU, Mission 4, Component 2, under the Italian Ministry and Research (MUR) National Innovation Ecosystem","award":["ECS 00000041\u2013Vitality\u2013CUP D73C22000840006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECS 00000041\u2013Vitality\u2013CUP D73C22000840006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stimuli-responsive liposomal membranes have attracted growing interest as dynamic soft materials capable of regulating permeability, fusion, and cargo release in response to external or internal triggers. By incorporating functional molecular or nanostructured guests, such as photochromic compounds, plasmonic nanoparticles, or ionizable lipids, bilayers can be endowed with reversible and tunable properties. These modifications often rely on the precise control of lipid packing, phase behaviour, and the formation of transient membrane defects that facilitate molecular transport. This review aims to provide an overview of the molecular design strategies and underlying mechanisms used to engineer such responsive liposomal systems, with particular emphasis on light- and heat-triggered behaviours and on supramolecular approaches that modulate membrane structure and dynamics. Emerging trends, current limitations, and opportunities for future development in functional lipid-based materials and biointerfaces will also be discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes16030089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T14:19:21Z","timestamp":1772720361000},"page":"89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Recent Advances in Stimuli-Responsive Membranes: From Supramolecular Design to Controlled Permeability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4940-7701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samanta","family":"Moffa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4971-6483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Pilato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"UdA-TechLab, Research Center, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Gabriele d\u2019Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7147-4356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Ciulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"UdA-TechLab, Research Center, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Gabriele d\u2019Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8038-7940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Di Profio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5391-7520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"UdA-TechLab, Research Center, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Gabriele d\u2019Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4518-534X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Masciulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0380-367X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella","family":"Siani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"UdA-TechLab, Research Center, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Gabriele d\u2019Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e09394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09394","article-title":"Liposomes: Structure, composition, types, and clinical applications","volume":"8","author":"Nsairat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c01665","article-title":"Cell-membrane-mimicking nanodecoys against infectious diseases","volume":"14","author":"Rao","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8223","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c03436","article-title":"Membrane mimetic chemistry in artificial cells","volume":"143","author":"Vance","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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