{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T04:47:57Z","timestamp":1785905277827,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Methane aromatization mainly proceeds at 650\u2013750 \u00b0C. Simultaneous separation of hydrogen and oxygen can boost conversion efficiency and mitigate catalyst coking, yet most non-electrochemical membrane reactors fail to achieve synchronous hydrogen\u2013oxygen separation within this temperature range. Accordingly, an electrochemical membrane reactor is adopted in this work, and steam is introduced to improve gas separation efficiency. BZCY hollow fiber membranes with mixed proton and oxygen ion conductivity are selected as the research material, and the influences of three distinct steam feeding modes (anode side only, cathode side only, simultaneous feeding on both sides) on H2 and O2 permeation and separation are systematically investigated. Experimental results reveal that steam humidification significantly enhances the permeation fluxes of hydrogen and oxygen. Notably, such promotional effect strongly depends on the steam feeding location. At 700 \u00b0C and 1.5 V, the hydrogen permeation flux increases to 1.469 mL\u22c5min\u22121\u22c5cm\u22122, in sharp contrast to 0.189 mL\u22c5min\u22121\u22c5cm\u22122 under dry atmosphere. Meanwhile, the oxygen permeation flux reaches 0.824 mL\u22c5min\u22121\u22c5cm\u22122 at 700 \u00b0C with steam, which is approximately four times that under dry conditions. This study verifies the intrinsic H2 and O2 permeation capability of electrochemical membrane reactors and the remarkable promotion effect originating from steam, facilitating further practical applications of such membrane reactors in methane aromatization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes16080260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T15:02:01Z","timestamp":1785510121000},"page":"260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Promotion Effect of Steam on Hydrogen and Oxygen Separation in Electrochemical Membrane Reactor: Investigation Under the Aromatization Reaction Temperature Window"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lihui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China"},{"name":"Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Membranes, Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University, Cangzhou 061000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China"},{"name":"Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Membranes, Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University, Cangzhou 061000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2704-8018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CS60259A","article-title":"Catalytic aromatization of methane","volume":"43","author":"Spivey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. 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