{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T13:51:33Z","timestamp":1760709093582,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]],"date-time":"2016-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HG007415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HG007415"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tethered lipid bilayer membranes (tBLMs) have been used in many applications, including biosensing and membrane protein structure studies. This report describes a biosensor for anthrax toxins that was fabricated through the self-assembly of a tBLM with B. anthracis protective antigen ion channels that are both the recognition element and electrochemical transducer. We characterize the sensor and its properties with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance. The sensor shows a sensitivity similar to ELISA and can also be used to rapidly screen for molecules that bind to the toxins and potentially inhibit their lethal effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes6030036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,25]],"date-time":"2016-06-25T21:21:45Z","timestamp":1466889705000},"page":"36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Biochip for the Detection of Bacillus anthracis Lethal Factor and Therapeutic Agents against Anthrax Toxins"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Vitalii","family":"Silin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA"},{"name":"NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20899, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kasianowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariel","family":"Michelman-Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rekha","family":"Panchal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Bavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5245.43","article-title":"Supported membranes: Scientific and practical applications","volume":"271","author":"Sackmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/S1367-5931(00)00139-3","article-title":"Molecular transport and organization in supported lipid membranes","volume":"4","author":"Boxer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. 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