{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:28:13Z","timestamp":1790630893745,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bariatric surgery improves obesity-related comorbidities. Methylarginines are biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk, liver steatosis, and insulin resistance. Here, we aimed to investigate methylarginines in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and compared them to age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Thirty-one obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery and 31 healthy individuals were used for this retrospective study. The basal serum methylarginine levels were determined in the healthy individuals and the obese patients, before surgery and 6 and 12 months after surgery, by mass spectrometry. Compared with the healthy individuals, the obese patients displayed elevated monomethylarginine (mean change: +95%, p &lt; 0.001), asymmetric-dimethylarginine (+105%, p &lt; 0.001), symmetric-dimethylarginine (+25%, p = 0.003), and dimethylguanidino valerate (+32%, p = 0.008) concentrations. Bariatric surgery durably reduced the body mass index by 28% (12 months, 95%CI: 24\u201333, p = 0.002) and improved plasma lipids, insulin resistance, and liver function. Bariatric surgery reduced the serum levels of monomethylarginine and asymmetric-dimethylarginine by 12% (95%CI: 6\u201317) and 36% (95%CI: 27\u201345) (12 months, p = 0.003), respectively, but not symmetric-dimethylarginine or dimethylguanidino valerate. The monomethylarginine and asymmetric-dimethylarginine concentrations were strongly correlated with markers of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and a fatty liver. Serum dimethylguanidino valerate was primarily correlated with glycemia and renal function, whereas serum symmetric-dimethylarginine was almost exclusively associated with renal function. In conclusion, the monomethylarginine and asymmetric-dimethylarginine levels are efficiently decreased by bariatric surgery, leading to a reduced atherogenic profile in obese patients. Methylarginines follow different metabolic patterns, which could help for the stratification of cardiometabolic disorders in obese patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11110759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T22:25:54Z","timestamp":1636064754000},"page":"759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Bariatric Surgery Improves the Atherogenic Profile of Circulating Methylarginines in Obese Patients: Results from a Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"Poirier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, F-44000 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3527-0698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Cloteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, F-44000 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Aguesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, F-44000 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Billot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, F-44000 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1019-4577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etienne","family":"Th\u00e9venot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEA, LIST, Laboratory for Data Sciences and Decision, MetaboHUB-Paris, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Krempf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, F-44000 Nantes, France"},{"name":"ELSAN, Clinique Bret\u00e9ch\u00e9, F-44000 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Val\u00e9ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Department of Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, University Hospital La Conception, F-13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6645-1811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Maraninchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Department of Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, University Hospital La Conception, F-13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika\u00ebl","family":"Croyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, F-44000 Nantes, France"},{"name":"CNRS, INSERM, l\u2019Institut du Thorax, Nantes University, F-44000 Nantes, France"},{"name":"CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Sant\u00e9, Nantes University, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.2.187","article-title":"Years of Life Lost Due to Obesity","volume":"289","author":"Fontaine","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25762","article-title":"The Diagnosis and Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association","volume":"55","author":"Chalasani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2247","article-title":"Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Association with Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetic Patients","volume":"30","author":"Targher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0135","article-title":"Relations between Carotid Artery Wall Thickness and Liver Histology in Subjects with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"29","author":"Targher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2012.04.079","article-title":"Genetic Determinants of Cardiometabolic Risk: A Proposed Model for Phenotype Association and Interaction","volume":"7","author":"Blackett","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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