{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:56:40Z","timestamp":1790751400008,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009139","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsforschung (DZIF) TTU HAARBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TTU 08.708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTU 08.708"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009139","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsforschung (DZIF) TTU HAARBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["390838134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["390838134"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)","award":["TTU 08.708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTU 08.708"]}]},{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)","award":["390838134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["390838134"]}]},{"name":"Open Access Publishing Fund of the University of T\u00fcbingen","award":["TTU 08.708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTU 08.708"]}]},{"name":"Open Access Publishing Fund of the University of T\u00fcbingen","award":["390838134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["390838134"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The human nasal microbiome can be a reservoir for several pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus. However, certain harmless nasal commensals can interfere with pathogen colonisation, an ability that could be exploited to prevent infection. Although attractive as a prophylactic strategy, manipulation of nasal microbiomes to prevent pathogen colonisation requires a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of interaction that occur between nasal commensals as well as between commensals and pathogens. Our knowledge concerning the mechanisms of pathogen exclusion and how stable community structures are established is patchy and incomplete. Nutrients are scarce in nasal cavities, which makes competitive or mutualistic traits in nutrient acquisition very likely. In this review, we focus on nutritional interactions that have been shown to or might occur between nasal microbiome members. We summarise concepts of nutrient release from complex host molecules and host cells as well as of intracommunity exchange of energy-rich fermentation products and siderophores. Finally, we discuss the potential of genome-based metabolic models to predict complex nutritional interactions between members of the nasal microbiome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12060489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T01:40:45Z","timestamp":1653702045000},"page":"489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Nutritional Interactions between Bacterial Species Colonising the Human Nasal Cavity: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lea A.","family":"Adolf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute for Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, UKT T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6774-2311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Heilbronner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute for Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, UKT T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4517","article-title":"Current understanding of the human microbiome","volume":"24","author":"Gilbert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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