{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:30:16Z","timestamp":1788222616328,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for scientific research by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science","award":["KAKENHI-15K01358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI-15K01358"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for scientific research by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science","award":["KAKENHI-24591741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI-24591741"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for scientific research by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science","award":["R01EB016064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB016064"]}]},{"name":"Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University","award":["KAKENHI-15K01358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI-15K01358"]}]},{"name":"Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University","award":["KAKENHI-24591741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI-24591741"]}]},{"name":"Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University","award":["R01EB016064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB016064"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KAKENHI-15K01358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI-15K01358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KAKENHI-24591741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI-24591741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB016064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB016064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This prospective study aimed to evaluate the variation in magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI)-observed brain metabolite concentrations according to anatomical location, sex, and age, and the relationships among regional metabolite distributions, using short echo time (TE) whole-brain MRSI (WB-MRSI). Thirty-eight healthy participants underwent short TE WB-MRSI. The major metabolite ratios, i.e., N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)\/creatine (Cr), choline (Cho)\/Cr, glutamate + glutamine (Glx)\/Cr, and myoinositol (mI)\/Cr, were calculated voxel-by-voxel. Their variations according to anatomical regions, sex, and age, and their relationship to each other were evaluated by using repeated-measures analysis of variance, t-tests, and Pearson\u2019s product-moment correlation analyses. All four metabolite ratios exhibited widespread regional variation across the cerebral hemispheres (corrected p &lt; 0.05). Laterality between the two sides and sex-related variation were also shown (p &lt; 0.05). In several regions, NAA\/Cr and Glx\/Cr decreased and mI\/Cr increased with age (corrected p &lt; 0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between NAA\/Cr and mI\/Cr in the insular lobe and thalamus and between Glx\/Cr and mI\/Cr in the parietal lobe (r \u2265 0.348, corrected p \u2264 0.025). These observations demand age- and sex- specific regional reference values in interpreting these metabolites, and they may facilitate the understanding of glial-neuronal interactions in maintaining homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12060543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T01:39:54Z","timestamp":1655257194000},"page":"543","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Distribution of Major Brain Metabolites in Normal Adults: Short Echo Time Whole-Brain MR Spectroscopic Imaging Findings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xinnan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biomarker Imaging Science, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kagari","family":"Abiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo 065-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sulaiman","family":"Sheriff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33146, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7653-3063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Maudsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33146, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Urushibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthcare K.K., Tokyo 141-8644, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinyeob","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthineers, San Francisco, CA 94553, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9072-4509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khin Khin","family":"Tha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biomarker Imaging Science, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13130531","article-title":"Clinical proton MR spectroscopy in central nervous system disorders","volume":"270","author":"Oz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"233","article-title":"MELAS syndrome: Imaging and proton MR spectroscopic findings","volume":"16","author":"Castillo","year":"1995","journal-title":"AJNR Am. 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