{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:46:14Z","timestamp":1776786374101,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AG067083-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AG067083-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARUK-CRF2018C-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARUK-CRF2018C-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002283","name":"Fellowship from Alzheimer\u2019s Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AG067083-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AG067083-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002283","name":"Fellowship from Alzheimer\u2019s Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARUK-CRF2018C-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARUK-CRF2018C-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanisms underlying the occurrence of postoperative delirium development are unclear and measurement of plasma metabolites may improve understanding of its causes. Participants (n = 54) matched for age and gender were sampled from an observational cohort study investigating postoperative delirium. Participants were \u226565 years without a diagnosis of dementia and presented for primary elective hip or knee arthroplasty. Plasma samples collected pre- and postoperatively were grouped as either control (n = 26, aged: 75.8 \u00b1 5.2) or delirium (n = 28, aged: 76.2 \u00b1 5.7). Widespread changes in plasma metabolite levels occurred following surgery. The only metabolites significantly differing between corresponding control and delirium samples were ornithine and spermine. In delirium cases, ornithine was 17.6% higher preoperatively, and spermine was 12.0% higher postoperatively. Changes were not associated with various perioperative factors. In binary logistic regression modeling, these two metabolites did not confer a significantly increased risk of delirium. These findings support the hypothesis that disturbed polyamine metabolism is an underlying factor in delirium that warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12070616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T22:50:46Z","timestamp":1656888646000},"page":"616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Influence of Orthopedic Surgery on Circulating Metabolite Levels, and their Associations with the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mijin","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, 8 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobei","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, 8 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital Site, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony P.","family":"Passmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital Site, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7028-5633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernadette","family":"McGuinness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital Site, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3283-1947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel F.","family":"McAuley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Experimental Medicine, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Beverland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Outcomes Assessment Unit, Musgrave Park Hospital, Belfast Trust, Stockman\u2019s Lane, Belfast BT9 7JB, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seamus","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Belfast Trust, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Mawhinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Belfast Trust, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Schott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Zetterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1E 6BT, UK"},{"name":"UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK"},{"name":"Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, House V, S-431 80 M\u00f6lndal, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, House V, S-431 80 M\u00f6lndal, Sweden"},{"name":"Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3331-0032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian D.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Food Security, School of 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