{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T07:30:48Z","timestamp":1778830248627,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Male infertility has increased in the last decade. Pathophysiologic mechanisms behind extreme oligospermia (EO) are not yet fully understood. In new \u201comics\u201d approaches, metabolomic can offer new information and help elucidate these mechanisms. We performed a metabolomics study of the seminal fluid (SF) in order to understand the mechanisms implicated in EO. We realized a targeted quantitative analysis using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to compare the SF metabolomic profile of 19 men with EO with that of 22 men with a history of vasectomy (V) and 20 men with normal semen parameters (C). A total of 114 metabolites were identified. We obtained a multivariate OPLS-DA model discriminating the three groups. Signatures show significantly higher levels of amino acids and polyamines in C group. The sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids and free carnitine progressively decrease between the three groups (C &gt; EO &gt; V) and sphingomyelins are significantly lower in V group. Our signature characterizing EO includes metabolites already linked to infertility in previous studies. The similarities between the signatures of the EO and V groups are clear evidence of epididymal dysfunction in the case of testicular damage. This study shows the complexity of the metabolomic dysfunction occurring in the SF of EO men and underlines the importance of metabolomics in understanding male infertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12121266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T04:25:26Z","timestamp":1671078326000},"page":"1266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Metabolomic Profile of Seminal Fluid in Extremely Severe Oligozoopermia Suggesting an Epididymal Involvement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Orianne","family":"Serri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Biology Unit, Angers University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5368-3402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magalie","family":"Boguenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MITOVASC, INSERM 1083-CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, Angers University, IBS\u2013CHU, 49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Chao de la Barca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MITOVASC, INSERM 1083-CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, Angers University, IBS\u2013CHU, 49000 Angers, France"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Emmanuel","family":"Bouet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MITOVASC, INSERM 1083-CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, Angers University, IBS\u2013CHU, 49000 Angers, France"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, Angers University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hady","family":"El Hachem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1100, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8275-8741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Odile","family":"Blanchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRB, BB-0033-00038, Angers University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0802-4608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal","family":"Reynier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MITOVASC, INSERM 1083-CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, Angers University, IBS\u2013CHU, 49000 Angers, France"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7609-7265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascale","family":"May-Panloup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Biology Unit, Angers University Hospital, 49000 Angers, France"},{"name":"MITOVASC, INSERM 1083-CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, Angers University, IBS\u2013CHU, 49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des415","article-title":"Decline in Semen Concentration and Morphology in a Sample of 26 609 Men Close to General Population between 1989 and 2005 in France","volume":"28","author":"Rolland","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. 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