{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T11:11:33Z","timestamp":1783941093312,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]],"date-time":"2022-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Research Council","award":["90456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90456"]}]},{"name":"Norwegian Research Council","award":["2018-151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-151"]}]},{"name":"Norwegian Research Council","award":["2018-02475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-02475"]}]},{"name":"the Swedish Research Council","award":["90456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90456"]}]},{"name":"the Swedish Research Council","award":["2018-151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-151"]}]},{"name":"the Swedish Research Council","award":["2018-02475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-02475"]}]},{"name":"Helse-F\u00f8rde","award":["90456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90456"]}]},{"name":"Helse-F\u00f8rde","award":["2018-151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-151"]}]},{"name":"Helse-F\u00f8rde","award":["2018-02475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-02475"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In the present study, we investigated the systemic\/serum lipidomic profile at the time of hospital admission for patients with bacterial sepsis. The study included 60 patients; 35 patients fulfilled the most recent 2016 Sepsis-3 criteria (referred to as Sepsis-3) whereas the remaining 25 patients had sepsis only according to the previous Sepsis-2 definition and could be classified as having Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). A total of 966 lipid metabolites were identified. Patients fulfilling the Sepsis-3 criteria differed from the Sepsis-2 patients with regard to only 15 lipid metabolites, and especially sphingolipids metabolism differed between these patient subsets. A total of only 43 metabolites differed between patients with and without bacteremia, including 12 lysophosphatidylcholines and 18 triacylglycerols (15 C18\/C20 fatty acid metabolites decreased and three C14 myristate acid metabolites that were increased in bacteremia). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analyses based on the identified sphingolipids, phosphatidylcholine and triacylglycerols showed that (i) the majority of Sepsis-3 patients differed from SIRS patients especially with regard to lysophosphatidylcholine levels; (ii) the minority of Sepsis-3 patients that clustered together with the majority of SIRS patients showed lower Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores than the other Sepsis-3 patients; and (iii) the variation between the patients in the identified\/altered sphingolipid and triacylglycerol metabolites further increased the heterogeneity of Sepsis-3 patients with regard to their systemic lipidomic profile at the time of diagnosis. To conclude, patients fulfilling the Sepsis-3 criteria differ with regard to their metabolic profile, and this variation depends on disease severity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13010052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T03:26:11Z","timestamp":1672370771000},"page":"52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Patients with Bacterial Sepsis Are Heterogeneous with Regard to Their Systemic Lipidomic Profiles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4248-3325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Knut Anders","family":"Mosevoll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1690-1941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bent Are","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Central Hospital for Sogn and Fjordane, 6812 F\u00f8rde, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingunn Margareetta","family":"Gundersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5439-8411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e5kon","family":"Reikvam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8yvind","family":"Bruserud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ystein","family":"Bruserud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ystein","family":"Wendelbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Health, VID Specialized University, Ulriksdal 10, 5009 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30696-2","article-title":"Sepsis and septic shock","volume":"392","author":"Cecconi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i1585","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i1585","article-title":"Sepsis: Pathophysiology and clinical management","volume":"353","author":"Gotts","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a004697","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a004697","article-title":"Membrane organization and lipid rafts","volume":"3","author":"Simons","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. 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