{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:44:43Z","timestamp":1789191883939,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":210,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018818","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office\u2014NKFIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K142273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K142273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018818","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office\u2014NKFIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PD124126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD124126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity is characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat leading to a plethora of medical complications, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. Formerly, several physiological roles of organokines, including adipokines, hepatokines, myokines and gut hormones have been described in obesity, especially in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress, and low-grade inflammation. The canonical effect of these biologically active peptides and proteins may serve as an intermediate regulatory level that connects the central nervous system and the endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine actions of organs responsible for metabolic and inflammatory processes. Better understanding of the function of this delicately tuned network may provide an explanation for the wide range of obesity phenotypes with remarkable inter-individual differences regarding comorbidities and therapeutic responses. The aim of this review is to demonstrate the role of organokines in the lipid and glucose metabolism focusing on the obese non-diabetic subgroup. We also discuss the latest findings about sarcopenic obesity, which has recently become one of the most relevant metabolic disturbances in the aging population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13020270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T02:16:01Z","timestamp":1676340961000},"page":"270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hajnalka","family":"L\u0151rincz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e1ndor","family":"Somodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Ratku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariann","family":"Harangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy","family":"Paragh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2021.07.042","article-title":"Concordances and correlations between anthropometric indices of obesity: A systematic review","volume":"198","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155217","article-title":"A 2022 update on the epidemiology of obesity and a call to action: As its twin COVID-19 pandemic appears to be receding, the obesity and dysmetabolism pandemic continues to rage on","volume":"133","author":"Boutari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23638","article-title":"Obesity among Latinx people in the United States: A review","volume":"31","author":"Almandoz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e062053","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062053","article-title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of overweight and obesity among adult population in Dubai: A population-based cross-sectional survey in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates","volume":"13","author":"Mamdouh","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nwosu, E., Fismen, A.S., Helleve, A., Hongoro, C., Sewpaul, R., Reddy, P., Alaba, O., and Harbron, J. 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