{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T03:35:28Z","timestamp":1767843328480,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,19]],"date-time":"2023-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The age-old axiom that one is as old as his or her vessels are, calls for ongoing critical re-examination of modifiable risk factors of accelerated vascular ageing in chronic kidney diseases. Attempts to modulate vascular risk with cholesterol-lowering agents have largely failed in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition to nitrogen waste products, many pathological biochemical processes also play a role in vascular calcification in chronic kidney damage. Magnesium, a cation vital for the body, may substantially reduce cardiovascular diseases\u2019 risk and progression. This narrative review aimed to address the relationship between hypomagnesemia and vascular calcification, which promotes further cardiovascular complications in diabetes, aging, and CKD. Articles with predefined keywords were searched for in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. We hypothesized that a decrease in serum magnesium levels contributes to increased vascular calcification and thereby increases cardiovascular mortality. In summary, based on existing evidence in the literature, it appears that simple and inexpensive oral magnesium supplementation may reduce the cardiovascular mortality of patients who are already severely affected by such diseases; in this context, the concept of \u2018normal\u2019 vs. \u2018ideal\u2019 serum magnesium levels should be carefully re-examined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13020306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T02:56:02Z","timestamp":1676861762000},"page":"306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Hypomagnesemia as a Risk Factor and Accelerator for Vascular Aging in Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9776-9841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1kos G\u00e9za","family":"Peth\u0151","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mih\u00e1ly","family":"Tapolyai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Szent Margit K\u00f3rhaz, 1032 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Medicine Service, Ralph H. Jonson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3346-7040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tibor","family":"F\u00fcl\u00f6p","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Service, Ralph H. Jonson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00270.x","article-title":"Moderate renal insufficiency and the risk of cardiovascular mortality: Results from the NHANES I","volume":"61","author":"Garg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"GBD Chronic Kidney Disease Collaboration (2020). Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990\u20132017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. 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