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Given the high prevalence and severity of NAFLD, especially in high-risk populations (i.e., patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and\/or obesity), there is a major interest in early detection of the disease in primary care. Nevertheless, substantial uncertainties still surround the development of a screening policy for NAFLD, such as limitations in currently used non-invasive markers of fibrosis, cost-effectiveness and the absence of a licensed treatment. In this review, we summarise current knowledge and try to identify the limitations surrounding the screening policy for NAFLD in primary care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13040536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T03:26:06Z","timestamp":1681097166000},"page":"536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Screening for NAFLD\u2014Current Knowledge and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4746-7065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Forlano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W21NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giordano","family":"Sigon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W21NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6300-3100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin H.","family":"Mullish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W21NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Yee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W21NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinelopi","family":"Manousou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W21NY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004","article-title":"The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): A systematic review","volume":"77","author":"Younossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","article-title":"Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Kleiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31599","article-title":"NAFLD: Reporting Histologic Findings in Clinical Practice","volume":"73","author":"Brunt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4428","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4428","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Summary of NICE guidance","volume":"354","author":"Glen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2022.101363","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in subjects with morbid obesity and with or without type 2 diabetes","volume":"48","author":"Lembo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30251","article-title":"Global Perspectives on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"69","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29466","article-title":"Modeling the epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates an exponential increase in burden of disease","volume":"67","author":"Estes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.05.057","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Is the Fastest Growing Cause of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Liver Transplant Candidates","volume":"17","author":"Younossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. 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