{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T10:38:42Z","timestamp":1792147122632,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","award":["PSAU\/2023\/R\/1444"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PSAU\/2023\/R\/1444"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease with a significant socioeconomic impact. It is caused by several species of blood trematodes from the genus Schistosoma, with S. mansoni being the most prevalent. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the only drug available for treatment, but it is vulnerable to drug resistance and ineffective in the juvenile stage. Therefore, identifying new treatments is crucial. SmHDAC8 is a promising therapeutic target, and a new allosteric site was discovered, providing the opportunity for the identification of a new class of inhibitors. In this study, molecular docking was used to screen 13,257 phytochemicals from 80 Saudi medicinal plants for inhibitory activity on the SmHDAC8 allosteric site. Nine compounds with better docking scores than the reference were identified, and four of them (LTS0233470, LTS0020703, LTS0033093, and LTS0028823) exhibited promising results in ADMET analysis and molecular dynamics simulation. These compounds should be further explored experimentally as potential allosteric inhibitors of SmHDAC8.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13050658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T02:37:51Z","timestamp":1684204671000},"page":"658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Computational Insights into Natural Antischistosomal Metabolites as SmHDAC8 Inhibitors: Molecular Docking, ADMET Profiling, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8695-6852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulrahim A.","family":"Alzain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rua M.","family":"Mukhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nihal","family":"Abdelmoniem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9276-0311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima A.","family":"Elbadwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira","family":"Hussien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elrashied A. E.","family":"Garelnabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Al-Qasr Ave, Khartoum 11111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wadah","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Al-Qasr Ave, Khartoum 11111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa E.","family":"Sherif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7658-4618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amgad I. M.","family":"Khedr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kholoud F.","family":"Ghazawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waad A.","family":"Samman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 30078, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrin R. M.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preparatory Year Program, Department of Chemistry, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gamal A.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Ashour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.12980\/APJTB.4.2014C831","article-title":"Novel antipathy for schistosomiasis-the most lethal ailment of the tropical region","volume":"4","author":"Gundamaraju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.2c00248","article-title":"Identification of Inhibitors of the Schistosoma mansoni VKR2 Kinase Domain","volume":"13","author":"Mathavan","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"153","article-title":"Schistosomiasis: Still a Cause of Significant Morbidity and Mortality","volume":"10","author":"Verjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Rep. Trop. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v14.i4.696","article-title":"Noninvasive diagnosis of periportal fibrosis in schistosomiasis mansoni: A comprehensive review","volume":"14","author":"Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-020-0621-y","article-title":"Schistosomiasis vaccine development: Update on human clinical trials","volume":"27","author":"Molehin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2020.105714","article-title":"Evaluation of prophylactic efficacy and safety of praziquantel-miltefosine nanocombination in experimental Schistosomiasis mansoni","volume":"212","author":"Eissa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.102375","article-title":"Crystal structures of Schistosoma mansoni histone deacetylase 8 reveal a novel binding site for allosteric inhibitors","volume":"298","author":"Saccoccia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b01478","article-title":"Structure-Based Design and Synthesis of Novel Inhibitors Targeting HDAC8 from Schistosoma mansoni for the Treatment of Schistosomiasis","volume":"59","author":"Heimburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2485","article-title":"The many roles of histone deacetylases in development and physiology: Implications for disease and therapy","volume":"10","author":"Haberland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2015.04.013","article-title":"HDAC8: A multifaceted target for therapeutic interventions","volume":"36","author":"Chakrabarti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/bip.22135","article-title":"HDAC8 Substrates: Histones and Beyond","volume":"99","author":"Wolfson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biopolymers"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2004.02.006","article-title":"Molecular evolution of the histone deacetylase family: Functional implications of phylogenetic analysis","volume":"338","author":"Gregoretti","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2009.06.001","article-title":"Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce apoptosis, histone hyperacetylation and up-regulation of gene transcription in Schistosoma mansoni","volume":"168","author":"Dubois","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lancelot, J., Caby, S., Dubois-Abdesselem, F., Vanderstraete, M., Trolet, J., Oliveira, G., Bracher, F., Jung, M., and Pierce, R.J. (2013). Schistosoma mansoni Sirtuins: Characterization and Potential as Chemotherapeutic Targets. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002428"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00224","article-title":"Screening and Phenotypical Characterization of Schistosoma mansoni Histone Deacetylase 8 (SmHDAC8) Inhibitors as Multistage Antischistosomal Agents","volume":"6","author":"Saccoccia","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.10.090","article-title":"The class I histone deacetylases of the platyhelminth parasite Schistosoma mansoni","volume":"377","author":"Oger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"769","article-title":"Expression profile of class I histone deacetylases in human cancer tissues","volume":"18","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15254","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M908988199","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of a novel human class I histone deacetylase that functions as a transcription repressor","volume":"275","author":"Hu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"2010","article-title":"Targeting the 3CLpro and RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 with phytochemicals from medicinal plants of the Andean Region: Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations","volume":"40","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X22000074","article-title":"Traditional Kenyan herbal medicine: Exploring natural products\u2019 therapeutics against schistosomiasis","volume":"96","author":"Ndegwa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eltaib, L., and Alzain, A.A. (2022). Targeting the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 with phytochemicals from Saudi medicinal plants: Molecular docking combined with molecular dynamics investigations. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2022.2146203"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1080\/26895293.2022.2080281","article-title":"Advances in schistosomiasis drug discovery based on natural products","volume":"15","author":"Mtemeli","year":"2022","journal-title":"All Life"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642383","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.642383","article-title":"Schistosomiasis Drug Discovery in the Era of Automation and Artificial Intelligence","volume":"12","author":"Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-00541-z","article-title":"Subtype-selective mechanisms of negative allosteric modulators binding to group I metabotropic glutamate receptors","volume":"42","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imu.2021.100758","article-title":"Identification of novel TMPRSS2 inhibitors for COVID-19 using e-pharmacophore modelling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics studies","volume":"26","author":"Alzain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inform. Med. Unlocked"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6177","DOI":"10.1021\/jm051256o","article-title":"Extra precision glide: Docking and scoring incorporating a model of hydrophobic enclosure for protein-ligand complexes","volume":"49","author":"Friesner","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"313","article-title":"De novo design of novel spike glycoprotein inhibitors using e-pharmacophore modeling, molecular hybridization, ADMET, quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics studies for COVID-19","volume":"35","author":"Alzain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imu.2021.100725","article-title":"Informatics in Medicine Unlocked Identification of novel transmembrane Protease Serine Type 2 drug candidates for COVID-19 using computational studies","volume":"26","author":"Elbadwi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inform. Med. Unlocked"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bowers, K., Chow, E., Huageng, X., Dror, R., Eastwood, M., Gregersen, B., Klepeis, J., Kolossv\u00e1ry, I., Moraes, M., and Sacerdoti, F. (2006). Scalable Algorithms for Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Commodity Clusters, D. E. Shaw Research.","DOI":"10.1109\/SC.2006.54"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marek, M., Kannan, S., Hauser, A.T., Moraes Mour\u00e3o, M., Caby, S., Cura, V., Stolfa, D.A., Schmidtkunz, K., Lancelot, J., and Andrade, L. (2013). Structural Basis for the Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a Key Epigenetic Player in the Blood Fluke Schistosoma mansoni. PLoS Pathog., 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003645"},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Abela-Ridder, B., Biswas, G., Mbabazi, P.S., Craven, M., Gerber, A., Hartenstein, L., Vlcek, J., Malecela, M.N., Polo, M.R., and Tiendrebeogo, A. (2020). Ending the Neglect to Attain the Sustainable Development Goals: A Road Map for Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021\u20132030, WHO."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simoben, C.V., Robaa, D., Chakrabarti, A., Schmidtkunz, K., Marek, M., Lancelot, J., Kannan, S., Melesina, J., Shaik, T.B., and Pierce, R.J. (2018). A novel class of Schistosoma mansoni histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) inhibitors identified by structure-based virtual screening and in vitro testing. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23030566"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghazy, E., Abdelsalam, M., Robaa, D., Pierce, R.J., and Sippl, W. (2022). Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Schistosomiasis. Pharmaceuticals, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15010080"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1080\/1062936X.2022.2152486","article-title":"Insights from computational studies on the potential of natural compounds as inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 spike omicron variant","volume":"33","author":"Alzain","year":"2022","journal-title":"SAR QSAR Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Bennett, J.E., Dolin, R., and Blaser, M.J. (2020). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett\u2019s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2019.05.007","article-title":"The test that changed the world: The Ames test and the regulation of chemicals","volume":"841","author":"Zeiger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular Dynamic Simulations and Molecular Docking as a Potential Way for Designed New Inhibitor Drug without Resistance","volume":"21","author":"Aghajani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tanaffos"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e04642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04642","article-title":"Virtual screening, molecular docking studies and DFT calculations of FDA approved compounds similar to the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) efavirenz","volume":"6","author":"Jordaan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2019.04.023","article-title":"E-pharmacophore modelling, virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulations and in-silico ADME analysis for identification of potential E6 inhibitors against cervical cancer","volume":"1189","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"222","article-title":"Flavonoids: Biosynthesis, biological functions, and biotechnological applications","volume":"3","author":"Rius","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2016.41","article-title":"Flavonoids: An overview","volume":"5","author":"Panche","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dias, M.C., Pinto, D.C.G.A., and Silva, A.M.S. (2021). Plant flavonoids: Chemical characteristics and biological activity. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26175377"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(01)00156-X","article-title":"Acylated flavone C-glycosides from Cucumis sativus","volume":"58","author":"Lombardo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9673(94)85278-2","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of flavone C-glycosides in some species of the Cucurbitaceae family","volume":"675","author":"Cisowski","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.882120","article-title":"Comparison of Metabolome and Functional Properties of Three Korean Cucumber Cultivars","volume":"13","author":"Jo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.094748","article-title":"Flavonoid biosynthesis in barley primary leaves requires the presence of the vacuole and controls the activity of vacuolar flavonoid transport","volume":"144","author":"Marinova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s40495-017-0113-2","article-title":"Plant flavone apigenin: An emerging anticancer agent","volume":"3","author":"Shankar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Pharmacol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.31.3906","article-title":"Tannins and Related Compounds. XV. A New Class of Dimeric Flavan-3-ol Gallates, Theasinensins A and B, and Proanthocyanidin Gallates from Green Tea Leaf. (1)","volume":"31","author":"NONAKA","year":"1983","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.37.3255","article-title":"Tannins and Related Compounds. XC.: 8-C-Ascorbyl (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-O-Gallate and Novel Dimeric Flavan -3-ols, Oolonghomobisflavans A and B, from Oolong Tea. (3)","volume":"37","author":"HASHIMOTO","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"953","article-title":"jameel Effect of alcohol extract of green tea plant camellia sinensis as a therapeutic treatment of parasite entamoeba histolytica","volume":"18","author":"Shaker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Arch."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"163","article-title":"Anti-acanthamoeba effect of Camellia sinensis extract (black and green tea) in vitro","volume":"19","author":"Hajihossein","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Plants"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.05.001","article-title":"In vitro activity of Camellia sinensis (green tea) against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii","volume":"13","author":"Fakae","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"23065","article-title":"Catechins as Emerging and Promising Antiparasitic Agents","volume":"30","author":"Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. J. Sci. Tech. Res."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.69-74.2004","article-title":"Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of green tea (Camellia sinensis) catechins","volume":"48","author":"Paveto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."}],"container-title":["Metabolites"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-1989\/13\/5\/658\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:35:38Z","timestamp":1760124938000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-1989\/13\/5\/658"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["metabo13050658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo13050658","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-1989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-1989","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]}}}