{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:19:41Z","timestamp":1790777981965,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35ES028373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35ES028373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01ES032189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01ES032189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P42ES023716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P42ES023716"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30ES030283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30ES030283"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20GM113226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM113226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50AA024337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50AA024337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01ES033289"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01ES033289"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08DK123381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08DK123381"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32ES011564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32ES011564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T35ES014559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T35ES014559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many pesticides have been identified as endocrine and metabolism-disrupting chemicals with hepatotoxic effects. However, data are limited for insecticides in the n-methyl carbamate class, including methomyl. Here, we investigate the liver and systemic metabolic effects of methomyl in a mouse model. We hypothesize that methomyl exposure will disrupt xenobiotic and intermediary metabolism and promote hepatic steatosis in mice. Male C57BL\/6 mice were exposed daily to 0\u20135 mg\/kg methomyl for 18 days. Mice were fed water and regular chow diet ad libitum. Metabolic phenotyping was performed, and tissue samples were collected. Effects were generally greatest at the highest methomyl dose, which induced Cyp1a2. Methomyl decreased whole body weight while the liver:body weight and testes:body weight ratios were increased. Hepatic steatosis increased while plasma LDL decreased. Fasting blood glucose and the glucose tolerance test area under the curve decreased along with hepatic glycogen stores. Methomyl, however, did not increase liver oxidative stress or injury. Collectively, these data demonstrate that methomyl disrupts hepatic xenobiotic and intermediary metabolism while increasing the testes:body weight ratio, suggesting that it may be an endocrine disrupting chemical. Besides methomyl\u2019s known action in cholinesterase inhibition, it may be involved in aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. The potential impact of n-methyl carbamate insecticides on metabolic health and diseases, including toxicant-associated steatotic liver disease (TASLD), warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13080901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T09:32:35Z","timestamp":1690882355000},"page":"901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Investigating the Acute Metabolic Effects of the N-Methyl Carbamate Insecticide, Methomyl, on Mouse Liver"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Amy M.","family":"Groswald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler C.","family":"Gripshover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter H.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banrida","family":"Wahlang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzhu","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loretta L.","family":"Jophlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Cave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, July 19). 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