{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T13:46:34Z","timestamp":1777038394304,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a multifaceted disease that progresses through multiple phases; it involves metabolic as well as structural changes. These alterations can be measured directly or indirectly through blood, non-invasive imaging, and\/or tissue analyses. While some studies have evaluated the correlations between two sets of measurements (e.g., histopathology with cross-sectional imaging or blood biomarkers), the interrelationships, if any, among histopathology, clinical blood profiles, cross-sectional imaging, and metabolomics in a pediatric cohort remain unknown. We created a multiparametric clinical MRI\u2013histopathologic NMR network map of pediatric NAFLD through multimodal correlation networks, in order to gain insight into how these different sets of measurements are related. We found that leptin and other blood markers were correlated with many other measurements; however, upon filtering out the blood biomarkers, the network was decomposed into three independent hubs centered around histopathological features, each with associated MRI and plasma metabolites. These multi-modality maps could serve as a framework for characterizing disease status and progression and could potentially guide medical interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13080929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T12:45:53Z","timestamp":1691498753000},"page":"929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Multi-Modality, Multi-Dimensional Characterization of Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3857-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neema","family":"Jamshidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6960-7028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alborz","family":"Feizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claude B.","family":"Sirlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4340-4625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel E.","family":"Lavine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical AI Laboratory Program, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chalasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0169-z","article-title":"NAFLD in children: New genes, new diagnostic modalities and new drugs","volume":"16","author":"Nobili","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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