{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T19:31:55Z","timestamp":1776108715507,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) might be associated with pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). This pilot study aims to identify VOCs linked to oxidative stress employing an in vitro model of alveolar basal epithelial cells exposed to hyperbaric and hyperoxic conditions. In addition, the feasibility of this in vitro model for POT biomarker research was evaluated. The hyperbaric exposure protocol, similar to the U.S. Navy Treatment Table 6, was conducted on human alveolar basal epithelial cells, and the headspace VOCs were analyzed using gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry. Three compounds (nonane [p = 0.005], octanal [p = 0.009], and decane [p = 0.018]), of which nonane and decane were also identified in a previous in vivo study with similar hyperbaric exposure, varied significantly between the intervention group which was exposed to 100% oxygen and the control group which was exposed to compressed air. VOC signal intensities were lower in the intervention group, but cellular stress markers (IL8 and LDH) confirmed increased stress and injury in the intervention group. Despite the observed reductions in compound expression, the model holds promise for POT biomarker exploration, emphasizing the need for further investigation into the complex relationship between VOCs and oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo14050281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:18:17Z","timestamp":1715599097000},"page":"281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Volatile Organic Compounds in Cellular Headspace after Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposure: An In Vitro Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9804-8307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feiko J. M.","family":"de Jong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Navy Diving and Submarine Medical Centre, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thijs A.","family":"Lilien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7904-8135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominic W.","family":"Fenn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7740-7392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thijs T.","family":"Wingelaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Navy Diving and Submarine Medical Centre, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2108-320X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pieter-Jan A. M.","family":"van Ooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Navy Diving and Submarine Medical Centre, 1780 CA Den Helder, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0414-3442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anke H.","family":"Maitland-van der Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8248-0244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus W.","family":"Hollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rob A.","family":"van Hulst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Brinkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03815-y","article-title":"Dangers of Hyperoxia","volume":"25","author":"Singer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. 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