{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:57:47Z","timestamp":1790654267884,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ruth S. Holmberg Award for Faculty Excellence","award":["RichardsFY24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RichardsFY24"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease that affects approximately 10\u201315% of reproductive-aged women worldwide. This debilitating disease has a negative impact on the quality of life of those affected. Despite this condition being very common, the pathogenesis is not well understood. Metabolomics is the study of the array of low-weight metabolites in a given sample. This emerging field of omics-based science has proved to be effective at furthering the understanding of endometriosis. In this systematic review, we seek to provide an overview of the application of metabolomics in endometriosis. We highlight the use of metabolomics in locating biomarkers for identification, understanding treatment mechanisms and symptoms, and relating external factors to endometriosis. The literature search took place in the Web of Science, Pubmed, and Google Scholar based on the keywords \u201cmetabolomics\u201d AND \u201cendometriosis\u201d or \u201cmetabolome\u201d AND \u201cendometriosis\u201d. We found 58 articles from 2012 to 2024 that met our search criteria. Significant alterations of lipids, amino acids, as well as other compounds were present in human and animal models. Discrepancies among studies of significantly altered metabolites make it difficult to make general conclusions on the metabolic signature of endometriosis. However, several individual metabolites were elevated in multiple studies of women with endometriosis; these include 3-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, phosphatidic acids, succinate, pyruvate, tetradecenoylcarnitine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine. Accordingly, L-isoleucine and citrate were reduced in multiple studies of women with endometriosis. Including larger cohorts, standardizing testing methods, and studying the individual phenotypes of endometriosis may lead to more separable results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15010050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T11:28:31Z","timestamp":1736854111000},"page":"50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Current Applications of Metabolomics in Understanding Endometriosis: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Blake","family":"Collie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Troisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"},{"name":"Theoreo Srl., Via Degli Ulivi 3, 84090 Montecorvino Pugliano, Italy"},{"name":"European Institute of Metabolomics (EIM) Foundation, Via G. Puccini, 3, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"},{"name":"Theoreo Srl., Via Degli Ulivi 3, 84090 Montecorvino Pugliano, Italy"},{"name":"European Institute of Metabolomics (EIM) Foundation, Via G. Puccini, 3, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5741-439X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven","family":"Symes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA"},{"name":"Section on Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Sciences, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1810764","article-title":"Endometriosis","volume":"382","author":"Zondervan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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