{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:04:43Z","timestamp":1790892283024,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23-45-10030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-45-10030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and hypertension (HTN), a well-established cardiometabolic risk factor, both negatively impact bone metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the associations between bone turnover markers (BTMs)\u2014namely, osteopontin (OPN) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)\u2014and metabolic health indicators, non-invasive measures of liver disease severity, as well as skeletal muscle mass (SMM), muscle strength, and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with MASLD and HTN. Methods: We enrolled 117 patients diagnosed with MASLD and HTN and conducted anthropometric measurements, laboratory analyses, abdominal ultrasound, and point shear-wave elastography. Muscle strength was evaluated using grip strength measurements and the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST). SMM and BMD were quantified using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Serum OPN and P1NP concentrations were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Results: Serum OPN concentrations below 2.89 ng\/mL were associated with significantly elevated levels of AST (p = 0.001), ALT (p = 0.006), and GGT (p = 0.025), while serum P1NP concentrations above 47.5 pg\/mL were associated only with significantly elevated GGT levels (p = 0.024). In addition, patients with MASLD and HTN with lower serum OPN levels had higher liver stiffness values (p = 0.003). Serum OPN concentrations were inversely associated with the following metabolic health indicators: waist circumference (WC, p &lt; 0.001) and epicardial fat thickness (EFT, p = 0.001). In addition, they were significantly elevated in patients with MASLD and HTN who had decreased spinal BMD (p = 0.017). In turn, serum P1NP levels were reduced in patients with decreased SMM (p = 0.023). Conclusions: These findings in patients with MASLD and HTN suggest an association between serum P1NP levels and SMM, and between OPN levels and spinal BMD, indicating a potential interplay among liver function, muscle mass, and bone health. Furthermore, OPN appeared to be strongly associated with overall metabolic health indicators, such as WC and EFT, whereas P1NP exhibited a stronger association with muscle mass.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15070459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T06:03:13Z","timestamp":1751868193000},"page":"459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Serum Osteopontin and Procollagen Type 1 N-Terminal Propeptide Concentrations: Links to Liver Function, Muscle Mass, and Bone Mineral Density in MASLD and Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7230-0780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna F.","family":"Sheptulina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia Yu.","family":"Elkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Intermediate Level Therapy, Saratov State Medical University, 410012 Saratov, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvira M.","family":"Mamutova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriy S.","family":"Timofeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8665-9129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria A.","family":"Metelskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0323-2635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oxana M.","family":"Drapkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004","article-title":"The Global Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): A Systematic Review","volume":"77","author":"Younossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2021.100305","article-title":"Epidemiology of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"3","author":"Younossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-022-00686-w","article-title":"Association between Hypertension and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional and Meta-Analysis Study","volume":"37","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hum. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao, L., An, Y., Liu, H., Jiang, J., Liu, W., Zhou, Y., Shi, M., Dai, W., Lv, Y., and Zhao, Y. (2024). Global Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with NAFLD or MAFLD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BMC Med., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03315-0"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S431251","article-title":"Clinical Classification of Obesity and Implications for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.07.031","article-title":"Exercise Reduces Liver Lipids and Visceral Adiposity in Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in a Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"15","author":"Houghton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosato, V., Masarone, M., Dallio, M., Federico, A., Aglitti, A., and Persico, M. (2019). NAFLD and Extra-Hepatic Comorbidities: Current Evidence on a Multi-Organ Metabolic Syndrome. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16183415"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000520","article-title":"A Multisociety Delphi Consensus Statement on New Fatty Liver Disease Nomenclature","volume":"78","author":"Rinella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-022-06459-y","article-title":"Relationship between Prevalence and Risk of Osteoporosis or Osteoporotic Fracture with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"33","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, Z., Deng, H., Qin, B., Bai, L., Li, J., and Zhang, J. (2025). Impact of Hypertension on Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Front. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1539283"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.02.006","article-title":"Defects in a Liver-Bone Axis Contribute to Hepatic Osteodystrophy Disease Progression","volume":"34","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03605-z","article-title":"Advancements in the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Osteodystrophy and the Potential Therapeutic of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells","volume":"14","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13730","article-title":"Osteoporosis in Chronic Liver Disease","volume":"38","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68916","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20325","article-title":"Association between Essential Hypertension and Bone Mineral Density: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"8","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y.J., and Kim, D.J. (2021). An Overview of the Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to Musculoskeletal Disorders in Chronic Liver Disease: Osteoporosis, Sarcopenia, and Osteoporotic Sarcopenia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052604"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4050-z","article-title":"Meta-Analysis of Hypertension and Osteoporotic Fracture Risk in Women and Men","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chai, H., Ge, J., Li, L., Li, J., and Ye, Y. (2021). Hypertension Is Associated with Osteoporosis: A Case-Control Study in Chinese Postmenopausal Women. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04124-9"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2310\/JIM.0b013e3182761264","article-title":"The Value of Osteopontin in the Assessment of Bone Mineral Density Status in Postmenopausal Women","volume":"61","author":"Fodor","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2022.100482","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of Chronic Liver Disease Dynamics: From Liver Fibrosis to Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure","volume":"4","author":"Graupera","year":"2022","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13183","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13183","article-title":"Liver Osteopontin Is Required to Prevent the Progression of Age-Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"19","author":"Buque","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.01.001","article-title":"Osteopontin\u2014A Potential Biomarker of Advanced Liver Disease","volume":"19","author":"Bruha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31582","article-title":"Osteopontin Takes Center Stage in Chronic Liver Disease","volume":"73","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.09.517","article-title":"Relationship between Plasma Osteopontin Concentration and Improvement of Augmentation Index with Antihypertensive the Treatment","volume":"137","author":"Miyoshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/s12195-016-0475-2","article-title":"Cyclic Strain and Hypertension Increase Osteopontin Expression in the Aorta","volume":"10","author":"Caesar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2123-2","article-title":"Prevalence of Liver Fibrosis and Its Association with Non-Invasive Fibrosis and Metabolic Markers in Morbidly Obese Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency","volume":"26","author":"Luger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"17628","article-title":"Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs on Bone Metabolism in Ovariectomized Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats","volume":"9","author":"Mao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2022.100525","article-title":"The Burden of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Systematic Review of Health-Related Quality of Life and Patient-Reported Outcomes","volume":"4","author":"Younossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104634","article-title":"Strong, Steady and Straight: UK Consensus Statement on Physical Activity and Exercise for Osteoporosis","volume":"56","author":"Skelton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.06.010","article-title":"Body Composition by DXA","volume":"104","author":"Shepherd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31420","article-title":"From NAFLD to MAFLD: Implications of a Premature Change in Terminology","volume":"73","author":"Younossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bedogni, G., Bellentani, S., Miglioli, L., Masutti, F., Passalacqua, M., Castiglione, A., and Tiribelli, C. (2006). The Fatty Liver Index: A Simple and Accurate Predictor of Hepatic Steatosis in the General Population. BMC Gastroenterol., 6.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-6-33"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25993","article-title":"Determination of Reliability Criteria for Liver Stiffness Evaluation by Transient Elastography","volume":"57","author":"Boursier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02717-x","article-title":"Ultrasound-Based Liver Elastography: Current Results and Future Perspectives","volume":"45","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026","article-title":"2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines","volume":"75","author":"Unger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1159\/000521241","article-title":"Definition and Diagnostic Criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity: ESPEN and EASO Consensus Statement","volume":"15","author":"Donini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes. Facts"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.4158\/GL-2020-0524","article-title":"American association of clinical endocrinologists\/american college of endocrinology clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis\u20142020 update executive summary","volume":"26","author":"Camacho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13642","article-title":"Association between Muscle Mass, Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis in Type\u20092 Diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Investig."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03877-4","article-title":"Association between Muscle Strength and Mass and Bone Mineral Density in the US General Population: Data from NHANES 1999\u20132002","volume":"18","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz046","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Revised European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Bahat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34160","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034160","article-title":"Optimal Procedure and Characteristics in Using Five Times Sit to Stand Test among Older Adults: A Systematic Review","volume":"102","author":"Albalwi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Bland, M. (2015). An Introduction to Medical Statistics, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0699","article-title":"Increased Risk of Low Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cohort Study","volume":"182","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30538","article-title":"Association Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Reduced Bone Mineral Density in Children: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"70","author":"Mantovani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2012.08.017","article-title":"Serum Osteopontin Levels as a Predictor of Portal Inflammation in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"45","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2006.12.026","article-title":"A Constitutive Endogenous Osteopontin Production Is Important for Macrophage Function and Differentiation","volume":"313","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(00)00108-6","article-title":"Osteopontin: A Versatile Regulator of Inflammation and Biomineralization","volume":"19","author":"Giachelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1106711","article-title":"Osteopontin Prevents Monocyte Recirculation and Apoptosis","volume":"81","author":"Burdo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/95.1.3","article-title":"Osteopontin\u2014A Molecule for All Seasons","volume":"95","author":"Mazzali","year":"2002","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"1457","article-title":"Analysis of the Correlation between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Bone Metabolism Indicators in Healthy Middle-Aged Men","volume":"22","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2022.101397","article-title":"Low Levels of Osteocalcin, but Not CTX or P1NP, Are Associated with Nonalcoholic Hepatic Steatosis and Steatohepatitis","volume":"49","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xuan, Y., He, F., Liu, Q., Dai, D., Wu, D., Shi, Y., and Yao, Q. (2025). Elevated GGT to HDL Ratio as a Marker for the Risk of NAFLD and Liver Fibrosis. Sci. Rep., 15.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-84649-w"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujii, H., Doi, H., Ko, T., Fukuma, T., Kadono, T., Asaeda, K., Kobayashi, R., Nakano, T., Doi, T., and Nakatsugawa, Y. (2020). Frequently Abnormal Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Activity Is Associated with Future Development of Fatty Liver: A Retrospective Cohort Study. BMC Gastroenterol., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01369-x"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farup, P.G. (2024). Changes in Bone Turnover Markers 6-12 Months after Bariatric Surgery. Sci. Rep., 14.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65952-y"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13370","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13370","article-title":"The Magnitude and Progress of Lean Body Mass, Fat-free Mass, and Skeletal Muscle Mass Loss Following Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Nuijten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anyiam, O., Abdul Rashid, R.S., Bhatti, A., Khan-Madni, S., Ogunyemi, O., Ardavani, A., and Idris, I. (2024). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Caloric Restriction on Skeletal Muscle Mass in Individuals with, and without, Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16193328"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2023.38","article-title":"The Association of Bone Turnover Markers with Muscle Function, Falls, and Frailty in Older Women in Long-Term Care","volume":"12","author":"Haeri","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Frailty Aging"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.05.025","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on Non-Invasive Tests for Evaluation of Liver Disease Severity and Prognosis\u20142021 Update","volume":"75","author":"Berzigotti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.16445","article-title":"Role of Osteopontin in Liver Diseases","volume":"12","author":"Wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1237","article-title":"Serum Interleukin-8, Osteopontin, and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 Are Associated with Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"2","author":"Glass","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."}],"container-title":["Metabolites"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-1989\/15\/7\/459\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:05:24Z","timestamp":1760033124000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-1989\/15\/7\/459"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["metabo15070459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo15070459","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-1989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-1989","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]}}}