{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T08:10:43Z","timestamp":1784275843111,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004881","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R-2020-3601-132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R-2020-3601-132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004881","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To compare the clinical and metabolic impact of the relationship between leptin, serum soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), free leptin index (FLI), and ghrelin among different metabolic and bariatric surgeries (MBSs) in patients with severe obesity. Method: Cohort study including 194 patients &gt;18 years old diagnosed with obesity (body mass index (BMI) \u2265 30 kg\/m2) undergoing bariatric surgery at the General Hospital of Mexico. Participants were distributed into three surgical groups: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (n = 36), one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) (n = 86), and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (n = 72); all operations were performed laparoscopically. Pre- and post-surgical measurements were taken, including anthropometric measurements, lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), leptin, sOB-R, ghrelin, and FLI. Protocol registration: DI\/16\/304\/04\/090. Results: A total of 194 patients with obesity were analyzed, the average weight was 114.9 \u00b1 24 kg, and the preoperative BMI was 43.1 \u00b1 8.0 kg\/m2. Three types of MBSs were compared. Post-surgery, all groups showed a significant percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), for example, in OAGB 65.6 \u00b1 12.2%EWL at 12 months (p &lt; 0.0001). In addition, ghrelin levels decreased significantly, especially in a short time compared with pre-surgery levels (from 4 \u00b1 2.5 to 1.6 \u00b1 1 ng\/mL per first week (p &lt; 0.0001)). Similarly, leptin diminished in a short time (p &lt; 0.01). Soluble leptin receptor showed differences in the biochemical behavior of leptin, with FLI decreasing significantly (p &lt; 0.003) after one year (p = 0.001). Conclusions: All techniques were effective in reducing body weight, %EWL, and hormonal modulation during the first three months. In addition, ghrelin and FLI levels partially increased as a physiological adaptation to weight loss and resumption of food intake, without reaching initial values.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15120764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T16:31:54Z","timestamp":1764088314000},"page":"764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Associated with Changes in Weight Loss, Free Leptin Index, and Soluble Leptin Receptor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Basurto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital de la Mujer, CCINSHAE, Secretar\u00eda de Salud, CCINSHAE (Comisi\u00f3n Coordinadora de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud y Hospitales de Alta Especialidad), Mexico City 11400, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"Basurto-Acevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Cirug\u00eda General, Cl\u00ednica de Tracto Digestivo Superior, Cirug\u00eda Bari\u00e1trica y Metab\u00f3lica, Hospital General de Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Hospital \u00c1ngeles Metropolitano, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"Oviedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Infectolog\u00eda e Inmunolog\u00eda, Hospital de Infectolog\u00eda, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional \u201cLa Raza\u201d, IMSS, Col. La Raza, Mexico City 02990, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3700-2127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Santa Cruz-Galicia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emiliano","family":"Tesoro-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Infectolog\u00eda e Inmunolog\u00eda, Hospital de Infectolog\u00eda, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional \u201cLa Raza\u201d, IMSS, Col. La Raza, Mexico City 02990, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Murillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Hematolog\u00eda, Hospital General de Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Secretar\u00eda Salud, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariana Grisel","family":"Garc\u00eda-Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea Cristina","family":"N\u00e1jera Meneses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Manuel-Apolinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30026-9","article-title":"The obesity transition: Stages of the global epidemic","volume":"7","author":"Jaacks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0176-8","article-title":"Obesity: Global epidemiology and pathogenesis","volume":"15","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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