{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T12:22:20Z","timestamp":1783686140614,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017691","name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GuikeAB24010236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GuikeAB24010236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Program","award":["2023GXNSFBA026354"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GXNSFBA026354"]}]},{"name":"National Traditional Chinese Medicine Specialty Technology Inheritance Talent Training Program","award":["Guo Zhong Yi Yao Ren Jiao Han [2023] No. 96"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Guo Zhong Yi Yao Ren Jiao Han [2023] No. 96"]}]},{"name":"Foundation of Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants","award":["Guiyao Qingqi202403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Guiyao Qingqi202403"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This study is the first to investigate the potential mechanism of star anise extract (SAE) in protecting against cold stress-aggravated acute lung injury (CSALI) in rats. Methods: A rat CSALI model was induced via combined lipopolysaccharide challenge and cold stress exposure. The preventive effects of SAE were evaluated using cytotoxicity assays, quantification of biochemical indices and inflammatory factors, and histopathological examination. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC\u2013HRMS)-based serum metabolomics was employed to systematically profile CSALI-associated metabolic alterations and decipher the potential mechanism underlying the preventive effects of SAE. Results: SAE alleviated pathological progression of CSALI, suppressed inflammatory cell migration, markedly reduced pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, and ameliorated lung tissue injury in CSALI rats. SAE also improved abnormal liver function indicators and lowered the levels of pro-inflammatory factors in both serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Serum metabolomics analysis identified and annotated 24 disease-altered differential metabolites and evaluated the protective effects of SAE on them. These metabolites were significantly enriched in two key metabolic pathways related to the pathogenesis of CSALI, including arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Furthermore, based on metabolite changes, phospholipase A2 was hypothesized as a potential key regulatory factor that may cooperate with arachidonic metabolism to suppress the inflammatory cascade. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that SAE exerted prominent anti-inflammatory activity and effectively protected against lung injury in CSALI rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo16070486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T11:43:34Z","timestamp":1783683814000},"page":"486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Non-Targeted Metabolomics Profiling and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Star Anise Extract in Rats with Cold Stress\u2014Aggravated Acute Lung Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mengli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuancheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Kou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianghua","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yulin Center for Food and Drug Control, Yulin 537000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senhua","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yulin Center for Food and Drug Control, Yulin 537000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yulin Center for Food and Drug Control, Yulin 537000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaonan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"5584","article-title":"Number of traditional Chinese medicines in Essentials of Materia Medica Distinctions of Roman version and some herbal textual research","volume":"50","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"China J. 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