{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T03:02:22Z","timestamp":1789441342047,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>High-performance phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices with an exciplex-type co-host were fabricated. The co-host is constituted by 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene, and 4,4,4-tris (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine, and has obvious virtues in constructing efficient devices because of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) resulting from a reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process. The highest external quantum efficiency and luminance are 14.60% and 100,900 cd\/m2 for the optimal co-host device. For comparison, 9.22% and 25,450 cd\/m2 are obtained for a device employing 4,4,4-tris (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine as a single-host. Moreover, the efficiency roll-off is notably alleviated for the co-host device, indicated by much higher critical current density of 327.8 mA\/cm2, compared to 120.8 mA\/cm2 for the single-host device. The alleviation of excitons quenching resulting from the captured holes and electrons, together with highly sufficient energy transfer between the co-host and phosphorescent dopant account for the obvious boost in device performances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13010051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T08:12:15Z","timestamp":1640765535000},"page":"51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Realization of Efficient Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices Using Exciplex-Type Co-Host"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lishuang","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiwen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1548-7849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huishan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802597","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201802597","article-title":"Efficient near-infrared emission by adjusting the guest-host interactions in thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes","volume":"28","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. 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