{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T15:54:39Z","timestamp":1794066879218,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61871125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A tri-axis accelerometer with a digital readout circuit and communication system is introduced. It is composed of two resonant accelerometers in the x and y-axis, and a seesaw capacitive one in the z-axis. The device is encapsulated in air to ensure that the z-axis works in an over-damped state. Moreover, the closed-loop drive circuit establishes the x-axis and y-axis in resonant mode, and the z-axis in force balance mode. A miniaturized measurement based on FPGA is designed to collect these output signals. The phase noise of the resonance part and the amplitude noise of the seesaw part are studied by simulation. The model can predict the contribution of each part to the measurement error and Allan variance. Multiplied clock and Kalman filter in sliding window are used to reduce the frequency error. The test results show that the accelerometer has low bias instability (&lt;30 \u03bcg), low cross-coupling error (&lt;0.5%), and low nonlinearity (&lt;0.1%). The tri-axis digital accelerometer with serial ports is more valuable than the previous works with large commercial instruments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13081174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T21:20:59Z","timestamp":1658784059000},"page":"1174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Digital Tri-Axis Accelerometer with X\/Y-Axial Resonators and Z-Axial Capacitive Seesaw"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dunzhu","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2013.2247233","article-title":"Design Criteria of Low-Power Oscillators for Consumer-Grade MEMS Resonant Sensors","volume":"61","author":"Langfelder","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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