{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T06:02:19Z","timestamp":1774764139916,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology","award":["BT\/PR10638\/PFN\/20\/826\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/PR10638\/PFN\/20\/826\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology","award":["SR\/NM\/NS-1144\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/NM\/NS-1144\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology","award":["BT\/PR10638\/PFN\/20\/826\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/PR10638\/PFN\/20\/826\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology","award":["SR\/NM\/NS-1144\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/NM\/NS-1144\/2013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Herein, we report the biocompatible amine-functionalized gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (Gd2O3 NPs) for the possibility of electrochemical detection of Vibrio cholerae (Vc) cells. The microwave irradiation process is applied to synthesize Gd2O3 NPs. The amine (NH2) functionalization is carried out via overnight stirring with 3(Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) at 55 \u00b0C. The size of NPs amine functionalized APETS@Gd2O3 NPs are determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). APETS@Gd2O3 NPs are further electrophoretically deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate to obtain working electrode surface. The monoclonal antibodies (anti-CT) specific to cholera toxin associated to Vc cells are covalently immobilized onto the above electrodes using EDC-NHS chemistry and further BSA is added to obtain the BSA\/anti-CT\/APETS@Gd2O3\/ITO immunoelectrode. Further, this immunoelectrode shows the response for cells in CFU range from 3.125 \u00d7 106 to 30 \u00d7 106 and is very selective with sensitivity and LOD 5.07 mA CFUs mL cm\u22122 and 0.9375 \u00d7 106 CFU respectively. To establish a future potential for APTES@Gd2O3 NPs in field of biomedical applications and cytosensing, the effect of APTES@Gd2O3 NPs on mammalian cells is also observed using in vitro cytotoxicity assay and cell cycle analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi14050995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T02:28:02Z","timestamp":1683167282000},"page":"995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Electrochemical Detection of Vibrio cholerae by Amine Functionalized Biocompatible Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0895-6421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46637, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6796-9321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamal","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6531-2035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robin","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amulya K.","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pratima R.","family":"Solanki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"238","article-title":"Chapter 11: Advance Engineered Nanomaterials in Point-of-Care Immunosensing for Biomedical Diagnostics","volume":"Volume 2019","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Detection Science"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"68","article-title":"Electrodeposition of Metallic Nanostructures for Biosensing Applications in Health Care","volume":"64","author":"Purohit","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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