{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T22:47:02Z","timestamp":1785538022406,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Assam Science Technology and Environment Council (ASTEC), Government of Assam","award":["ASTEC\/SC\/1802\/1\/2019-20\/1574-1588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ASTEC\/SC\/1802\/1\/2019-20\/1574-1588"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study presents the development of a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod-based sensor for the detection and quantification of residual pesticides commonly found in tea plantations, with a focus on quinalphos and thiamethoxam. Exploiting the unique electrical characteristics of ZnO nanorods, the sensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity in monitoring trace levels of pesticide residues. The detection mechanism relies on measurable changes in electrical resistance when the ZnO nanorod-coated electrodes interact with varying concentrations of the target pesticides. A performance evaluation was carried out using water samples spiked with different pesticide concentrations. The sensor displayed distinct response profiles for each compound: a linear resistance\u2013concentration relationship for quinalphos and a non-linear, saturating trend for thiamethoxam, reflecting their differential interactions with the ZnO surface. Statistical analysis confirmed the sensor\u2019s reliability, reproducibility, and consistency across repeated measurements. The rapid response time and ease of fabrication underscore its potential for real-time, on-site pesticide monitoring. This method offers a promising alternative to traditional analytical techniques, enhancing food safety assurance and supporting sustainable agricultural practices through effective environmental surveillance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi16050569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T12:18:06Z","timestamp":1747052286000},"page":"569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Zinc Oxide Nanorod-Based Sensor for Precision Detection and Estimation of Residual Pesticides on Tea Leaves"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1939-7541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baharul","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhinagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7412-6437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rakesh A.","family":"Afre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Sciences, Zeal College of Engineering and Research, Survey No. 39, Narhe-Dhayari Road, Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunandan","family":"Baruah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhinagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology, Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhinagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6431-1655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16654","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c21410","article-title":"ZnO nanorod-immobilized Pt single-atoms as an ultrasensitive sensor for triethylamine detection","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. 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