{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:16:31Z","timestamp":1788498991981,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018227","name":"National Research Foundation of Ukraine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["0126U003794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0126U003794"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018227","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["0126U003794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0126U003794"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02gmp5156","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study reports the synthesis of a novel methylenebisphosphonic acid calix[4]arene derivative and its application as a receptor layer in a conductometric chemosensor for the highly sensitive detection of L-arginine. The synthesized calixarene contains two methylenebisphosphonic acid fragments at the upper rim of the macrocycle, which serve as recognition sites for L-arginine, and two 3-(methylthio)propoxy groups at the lower rim, which enable immobilization on the gold electrode surface. The sensor based on synthesized calixarene demonstrated a pronounced response to L-arginine, which can be attributed to the cooperative interaction of the protonated amino and guanidinium groups of L-arginine with the methylenebisphosphonic acid groups of the calixarene receptor. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to elucidate the molecular interactions underlying the recognition of L-arginine by the calixarene receptor. The developed chemosensor demonstrated a low limit of detection for L-arginine (5.6 \u00b5M); a wide linear range (up to 1000 \u03bcM); a short response time (\u226480 s); and a high response reproducibility (RSD = 1.3%). The stability constants determined by HPLC depended on the nature of the amino acid and ranged from logKA = 4.26 for leucine to logKA = 4.52 for L-arginine. Compared with previously reported L-arginine sensors, the developed conductometric chemosensor exhibits a competitive detection limit, a wider linear detection range, and significantly improved response reproducibility. The proposed calixarene-based chemosensor enables simple, highly sensitive, enzyme-free conductometric detection of L-arginine over a broad concentration range in aqueous solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi17091047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T07:53:11Z","timestamp":1788335591000},"page":"1047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Novel Conductometric Chemosensor Based on Methylenebis(Phosphonic Acid)-Modified Calixarene for L-Arginine Determination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4682-1993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svitlana V.","family":"Marchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1736-3062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergiy O.","family":"Cherenok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Academician Kukhar Str., 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0780-1656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kseniia O.","family":"Berketa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1449-023X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronika A.","family":"Bakhmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olha V.","family":"Soldatkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna I.","family":"Selikhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Academician Kukhar Str., 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga I.","family":"Kalchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Academician Kukhar Str., 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0166-2642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Galyna P.","family":"Volynets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleksandr O.","family":"Soldatkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"},{"name":"National Technical University of Ukraine \u201cIgor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute\u201d, Department of Translational Medical Bioengineering, 37 Beresteysky Avenue, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitaly I.","family":"Kalchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Academician Kukhar Str., 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2915-716X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergei V.","family":"Dzyadevych","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelhamid","family":"Errachid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5280, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Viktoriya M.","family":"Pyeshkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine"},{"name":"School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gambardella, J., Khondkar, W., Morelli, M.B., Wang, X., Santulli, G., and Trimarco, V. 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