{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:21:08Z","timestamp":1790713268896,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006013","name":"United Arab Emirates University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["27F02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["27F02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ability to perform effectively in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is one of the most significant criteria in the selection of potential probiotic bacteria. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the potential probiotic characteristics of some selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from vegetable products. Probiotic characteristics included tolerance to acid and bile, cholesterol-removing ability, bile salt hydrolysis, resistance against lysozyme and antibiotics, production of exopolysaccharides (EPS), antimicrobial and hemolytic activities, and cell surface characteristics (auto-aggregation, co-aggregation, and hydrophobicity). The survival rate of isolates after G120 ranged from 8.0 to 8.6 Log10 CFU\/mL. After the intestinal phase (IN-120), the bacterial count ranged from 7.3 to 8.5 Log10 CFU\/mL. The bile tolerance rates ranged from 17.8 to 51.1%, 33.6 to 63.9%, and 55.9 to 72.5% for cholic acid, oxgall, and taurocholic acid, respectively. Isolates F1, F8, F23, and F37 were able to reduce cholesterol (&gt;30%) from the broth. The auto-aggregation average rate increased significantly after 24 h for all isolates, while two isolates showed the highest hydrophobicity values. Moreover, isolates had attachment capabilities comparable to those of HT-29 cells, with an average of 8.03 Log10 CFU\/mL after 2 h. All isolates were resistant to lysozyme and vancomycin, and 8 out of the 17 selected isolates displayed an ability to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS). Based on 16S rRNA sequencing, LAB isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecium, E. durans, E. lactis, and Pediococcus acidilactici.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10020389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T20:36:42Z","timestamp":1644266202000},"page":"389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fresh Vegetable Products: Potential Probiotic and Postbiotic Characteristics Including Immunomodulatory Effects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Fatima","family":"Alameri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4890-8934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Tarique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tareq","family":"Osaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 32223, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riyad","family":"Obaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 32223, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelmoneim","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Science Department, College of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razan","family":"Masad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Al-Sbiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Fernandez-Cabezudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-Quan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basel","family":"Al-Ramadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9312-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mutamed","family":"Ayyash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8363","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20398","article-title":"Invited review: Characterization of new probiotics from dairy and nondairy products\u2014Insights into acid tolerance, bile metabolism and tolerance, and adhesion capability","volume":"104","author":"Ayyash","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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