{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T19:13:29Z","timestamp":1780514009753,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union Seventh Framework Programme (2007\u20132013)","award":["222633 (WildTech)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222633 (WildTech)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex bead assay using a Brucella rLPS antigen, a Brucella suis smooth antigen, and a Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 antigen that not only discriminates Brucella-infected from Brucella-uninfected pigs and wild boar, but also overcomes the cross reactivity with Y. enterocolitica O:9. Sera from 126 domestic pigs were tested: 29 pigs were Brucella infected, 80 were non-infected and 17 were confirmed to be false positive serological reactors (FPSR). Sera from 49 wild boar were tested: 18 were positive and 31 were negative. Using the rLPS antigen, 26\/29 Brucella-infected domestic pigs and 15\/18 seropositive wild boar were positive, while 75\/80 non-Brucella infected domestic pigs, all FPSR, and all seronegative wild boar were negative. Using the smooth B. suis 1330 antigen, all Brucella-infected domestic pigs, 9\/17 FPSR and all seropositive wild boar were positive, while all non-infected pigs and 30\/31 seronegative wild boar were negative. The ratio of the readouts from the smooth B. suis antigen and Y. enterocolitica O:9 antigen enabled discriminating all Brucella infected individuals from the FPSR domestic pigs. These results demonstrate the potential of this assay for use in the surveillance of brucellosis, overcoming the cross-reactivity with Y. enterocolitica.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10071362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T09:41:10Z","timestamp":1657100470000},"page":"1362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay to Detect Serological Responses to Brucella Species in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boar with the Potential to Overcome Cross-Reactivity with Yersinia enterocolitica O:9"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Antonia","family":"Touloudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"McGiven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE\/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5505-9961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaun","family":"Cawthraw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE\/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3869-5026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Valiakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7051-1541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Polychronis","family":"Kostoulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Duncombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE\/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gort\u00e1zar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaBio, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Recursos Cineg\u00e9ticos IREC, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Boadella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SABIOTEC, Camino de Moledores s\/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Sofia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoi","family":"Athanasakopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1400-7599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris C.","family":"Chatzopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassiliki","family":"Spyrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Animal Science, University of Thessaly, 412 22 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liljana","family":"Petrovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE\/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2209-9772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charalambos","family":"Billinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"},{"name":"Faculty of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021, March 22). 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