{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T17:22:53Z","timestamp":1779297773901,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The human body contains a very complex and dynamic ecosystem of bacteria. The bacteriome interacts with the host bi-directionally, and changes in either factor impact the entire system. It has long been known that chronic airway diseases are associated with disturbances in the lung bacteriome. However, less is known about the role of gut bacteriome in the most common respiratory diseases. Here, we aim to summarise the evidence concerning the role of the intestinal bacteriome in the pathogenesis and disease course of bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. Furthermore, we discuss the consequences of an altered gut bacteriome on the most common comorbidities of these lung diseases. Lastly, we also reflect on the therapeutic potential of influencing the gut microbiome to improve disease outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10122457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T02:59:01Z","timestamp":1670900341000},"page":"2457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Role of Gut Bacteriome in Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8983-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andras","family":"Bikov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvano","family":"Dragonieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 11 Piazza G. Cesare, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9425-1219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Balazs","family":"Csoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 25-29 T\u00f6m\u0151 Str, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Mazzuca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, University Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8608-9223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panaiotis","family":"Finamore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4378-1009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Rocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Engineering for Human and the Environment, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0134-2830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenza","family":"Putignani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostics and Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Guarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gastroenterology, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Scarlata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00009","article-title":"The Gut-Lung Axis in Health and Respiratory Diseases: A Place for Inter-Organ and Inter-Kingdom Crosstalks","volume":"10","author":"Enaud","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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